ArticleClinical and translational gastroenterology2019
Influence of Gender and Reproductive Factors on Liver Fibrosis in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Infection.
Article in Clinical and translational gastroenterology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Short- and Long-Term Healthcare Costs Attributable to Hepatitis B Among Newcomers to Ontario, Canada: A Matched Cohort Study.Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Article
- Where Do Patients With Cirrhosis Die? A CDC WONDER Analysis From 1999 to 2020.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Article
- Estrogen receptor α suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma by restricting M2 macrophage infiltration through the YAP-CCL2 axis.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Association Between Weight-Adjusted Waist Circumference Index and Metabolic Disease-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Retrospective Study.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2025Article
- No gender differences in the 24-month course of non-invasive liver fibrosis markers after DAA therapy in HCV-mono and HCV/HIV-coinfected patients.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Increased type-I interferon level is associated with liver damage and fibrosis in primary sclerosing cholangitis.Hepatology communications · 2024Article
- Mechanisms of the TGF-β1/Smad3-signaling pathway in gender differences in alcoholic liver fibrosis.The journal of physiological sciences : JPS · 2024Article
- Association of weight-adjusted-waist index with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
- Liver injury indicators and subsequent cancer development among non-fatty liver population.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Incidence and risk factors for postoperative nosocomial pneumonia in elderly patients with hip fractures: A single-center study.Frontiers in surgery · 2023Article
- Prevalence and Predictors of Liver Fibrosis in People Living with Hepatitis B in Senegal.Viruses · 2022Article
- Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis of the Mechanism Underlying Yikunyin's Therapeutic Effect on Menopausal Syndrome.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Sexual Dimorphism in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection: Evidence to Inform Elimination Efforts.Wellcome open research · 2022Review
- Hepatitis B and C Virus Co-Infection and Their Association With Liver Disease in Persons With HIV in Nigeria.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe role of reproductive factors in the development of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains unknown. We assessed the potential contributions of gender, menopausal status, and menarche age to liver fibrosis in CHB.
methodsA cross-sectional prospective study included 716 women and 716 age-matched men with CHB who were not currently receiving antiviral therapy. Liver stiffness measurement using transient elastography was used to stage liver fibrosis as F0-F1 (<7.2 kPa), F ≥ 2 (7.2 kPa), F ≥ 3 (9.4 kPa), and F = 4 (12.2 kPa). Female patients were asked regarding their age at menarche and menopausal status using a questionnaire.
resultsOf the 716 women, 121 (16.9%) were postmenopausal, and 80 (11.2%) had advanced liver fibrosis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the postmenopausal status compared with the premenopausal status (odds ratio [OR] = 3.65-8.83; P < 0.05) and age at menarche of >14 years compared with <13 years (OR = 2.85-3.95; P < 0.05) were significantly associated with advanced fibrosis. Compared with premenopausal women, age-matched men had a higher OR for advanced fibrosis (P < 0.05). Compared with postmenopausal women, age-matched men did not show a significant difference in the degree of liver fibrosis (P > 0.05). Longitudinal data analysis showed that postmenopausal women (n = 31) were significantly less likely to undergo regression of liver fibrosis after antiviral treatment vs premenopausal women (n = 19) (26.3% vs 74.2%, respectively; P < 0.001). DISCUSSION: Menopause and late menarche aggravated liver fibrosis in untreated CHB, besides menopause delayed fibrosis regression under antiviral therapy. The protective effect of female gender against fibrosis was lost for postmenopausal women. TRANSLATIONAL IMPACT: It is important to consider menopausal status and age at menarche in establishing surveillance strategies among CHB females. Postmenopausal estrogen therapy may be considered for the prevention or treatment of liver fibrosis.
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