Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31650460›Full record

SynthesisChild psychiatry and human development2020

Anxiety in Children with Selective Mutism: A Meta-analysis.

Jim Driessen, Jan Dirk Blom, Peter Muris, Roger K Blashfield, Marc L Molendijk

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Child psychiatry and human development, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Youth with selective mutism: a nationwide patient registry study.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Physical Freezing in Children and Adolescents with Selective Mutism.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Understanding Selective Mutism in Very Young Children.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jim DriessenFaculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK, Leiden, The Netherlands. f.j.driessen@umail.leidenuniv.nl.
Jan Dirk BlomFaculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Peter MurisFaculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Roger K BlashfieldAuburn University, 226 Tach Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
Marc L MolendijkFaculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study evaluates the current conceptualization of selective mutism (SM) as an anxiety disorder in the DSM-5 using a meta-analytic approach. In the absence of any systematic assessment of anxiety in the field of SM, we pooled prevalence data of comorbid anxiety disorders in a random-effects meta-analysis. On the basis of 22 eligible studies (N = 837), we found that 80% of the children with SM were diagnosed with an additional anxiety disorder, notably social phobia (69%). However, considerable heterogeneity was present, which remained unexplained by a priori specified moderators. The finding that SM is often diagnosed in combination with anxiety disorders, indicates that these disorders are not discrete, separable categories. Moreover, this finding does not help to elucidate the relation between SM and anxiety as an etiological mechanism or symptomatic feature. Broadening our research strategies regarding the assessment of anxiety is paramount to clarify the role of anxiety in SM, and allow for proper classification.

Indexed as

AnxietyAnxiety DisordersChildDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersHumansMutismAnxiety disorderDSM-5Elective mutismMeta-analysisSelective mutism

Identifiers

PMID31650460
PMCPMC7067754

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.