ArticleExpert review of ophthalmology2019
Diagnostic tests in dry eye.
Article in Expert review of ophthalmology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum Glutamate in Dry Eye Disease: Associations with Symptoms and Clinical Signs.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Dry eye disease treatment improves subjective quality-of-life responses in patients with AMD, independent of disease stage.PloS one · 2025Article
- Association between tear lactoferrin, lysozyme, albumin levels, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- How Should Corneal Nerves be Incorporated Into the Diagnosis and Management of Dry Eye?Current ophthalmology reports · 2021Article
- Long-Term Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation as a Treatment for Ocular Pain.Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionDry Eye (DE) is a multifactorial condition with a variable clinical presentation. This highly prevalent disease has multiple symptoms and signs that often do not correlate with one another. As such, the diagnosis of DE can be challenging to make, and a systematic approach must be taken. AREAS COVERED: We review the different methods commonly utilized to evaluate a patient complaining of DE symptoms. Included in this review are clinical examination techniques, point of care tests, and imaging techniques. EXPERT OPINION: DE is an umbrella term that encompasses different etiologies and pathophysiological mechanisms. The current definition recognizes tear instability, high osmolarity, inflammation, and neuro-sensory dysfunction as causative entities. The approach to DE begins with a systematic assessment of symptoms and signs, evaluating for both nociceptive and neuropathic sources of symptoms. Future research is needed to develop tests that assess neurosensory status in DE and couple point of care tests with therapeutic algorithms.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.