ArticleFrontiers in plant science2019
The Cost of Postponement of Bt Rice Commercialization in China.
Article in Frontiers in plant science, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetically modified foods and human health: a comprehensive review and cross-national time-trend analysis.GM crops & food · 2026Review
- Biotechnological breakthroughs in rice disease management: an overview from transgenics to CRISPR.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Impacts of accelerating agricultural R&D transfer on global food security.GM crops & food · 2024Article
- Genetically Modified Rice Is Associated with Hunger, Health, and Climate Resilience.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Sustainable agriculture and GM crops: the case ofFrontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Does China have a public debate on genetically modified organisms? A discourse network analysis of public debate on Weibo.Public understanding of science (Bristol, England) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To maintain self-sufficiency in rice production and national food security, the Chinese government strongly supports research that aims at increasing the productivity of rice cultivation. Rice with genetic material from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt rice) is transgenic rice that can reduce lepidopteran pest damage and the use of insecticides. It was developed in the 1990s and earned biosafety certificates in 2009. However, because of political reasons, its commercialization in China has been postponed, and, to date, Bt rice is not grown in China. We assess the opportunity cost of postponement of Bt rice commercialization in China between the years 2009 and 2019 and consider the external costs of pesticide use and potential technology spill-overs of Bt rice. We estimate the cost of postponement of Bt rice over the analyzed period to be 12 billion United States (US) dollars per year.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.