Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31649322›Full record

ArticleMolecular psychiatry2021

Educational attainment impacts drinking behaviors and risk for alcohol dependence: results from a two-sample Mendelian randomization study with ~780,000 participants.

Daniel B Rosoff, Toni-Kim Clarke, Mark J Adams, Andrew M McIntosh, George Davey Smith, Jeesun Jung, Falk W Lohoff

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
64citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
6.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

64 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 125 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  13. Sex-Specific Genetic Architecture and Comorbidities of Alcohol Use Behaviors.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025
    Article
  14. Genetic and environmental influences on alcohol consumption in middle to late life.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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  20. Reward deprivation is associated with elevated alcohol demand in emerging adults.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2025
    Article

4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Daniel B RosoffSection on Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Toni-Kim ClarkeDivision of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
Mark J AdamsDivision of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3599-6018
Andrew M McIntoshDivision of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0198-4588
George Davey SmithMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1407-8314
Jeesun JungSection on Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Falk W LohoffSection on Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. falk.lohoff@nih.gov.
National Institutes of Health · USRoyal Edinburgh Hospital · GBUniversity of Bristol · GB

Funding

Subject CollectionU10AA008401 · NIAAA · SUNY DOWNSTATE MEDICAL CENTER · PI BERNICE PORJESZ · 1989 to 2026
$162.7M
Clinical Genomics and Experimental TherapeuticsZIAAA000242 · NIAAA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM · PI LOHOFF, FALK · 2015 to 2025
$26.7M
7/7 Psychiatric Genomics Consortium: Finding actionable variationU01MH109532 · NIMH · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI AGRAWAL, ARPANA, EDENBERG, HOWARD J · 2016 to 2020
$3.1M
Intramural NIH HHS Z99 AA999999Intramural NIH HHS ZIA AA000242Medical Research Council MC_UU_00011/1NIAAA NIH HHS U10 AA008401NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH109532Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 104036/Z/14/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Observational studies suggest that lower educational attainment (EA) may be associated with risky alcohol use behaviors; however, these findings may be biased by confounding and reverse causality. We performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using summary statistics from recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with >780,000 participants to assess the causal effects of EA on alcohol use behaviors and alcohol dependence (AD). Fifty-three independent genome-wide significant SNPs previously associated with EA were tested for association with alcohol use behaviors. We show that while genetic instruments associated with increased EA are not associated with total amount of weekly drinks, they are associated with reduced frequency of binge drinking ≥6 drinks (ß

Indexed as

AlcoholismGenome-Wide Association StudyAlcohol DrinkingEducational StatusHumansMendelian Randomization AnalysisPolymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Identifiers

PMID31649322
PMCPMC7182503
OpenAlexW2982077285

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.