Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31645596›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2019

Solution structure, glycan specificity and of phenol oxidase inhibitory activity of Anopheles C-type lectins CTL4 and CTLMA2.

Ritika Bishnoi, Gregory L Sousa, Alicia Contet, Christopher J Day, Chun-Feng David Hou, Lauren A Profitt, Deepak Singla, Michael P Jennings, Ann M Valentine, Michael Povelones and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Unveiling the Sugary Secrets ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Ritika BishnoiDepartment of Medical Genetics & Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3440 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
Gregory L SousaSchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Alicia ContetDepartment of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Christopher J DayInstitute of Glycomics, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.
Chun-Feng David HouDepartment of Medical Genetics & Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3440 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
Lauren A ProfittDepartment of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Deepak SinglaLaboratory of Host-Parasite Interaction Studies, National Institute of Malaria Research, Dwarka, India.
Michael P JenningsInstitute of Glycomics, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.
Ann M ValentineDepartment of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Michael PovelonesSchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Richard H G BaxterDepartment of Medical Genetics & Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3440 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA. rbaxter@temple.edu.
Temple University · USGriffith University · AUUniversity of Pennsylvania · USYale University · USNational Institute of Malaria Research · IN

Funding

VMD-PhD Training in Infectious Disease-Related ResearchT32AI070077 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Michael Lee Atchison · 2008 to 2026
$3.5M
Targeting mosquito complement to alter the specificity of the innate immune responseR01AI139060 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI POVELONES, MICHAEL JOSEPH · 2018 to 2022
$2.0M
Mechanism of mosquito complement-like immunityR01GM114358 · NIGMS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI BAXTER, RICHARD H. G. · 2015 to 2019
$1.5M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI139060NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI070077NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM114358
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Malaria, the world's most devastating parasitic disease, is transmitted between humans by mosquitoes of the Anopheles genus. An. gambiae is the principal malaria vector in Sub-Saharan Africa. The C-type lectins CTL4 and CTLMA2 cooperatively influence Plasmodium infection in the malaria vector Anopheles. Here we report the purification and biochemical characterization of CTL4 and CTLMA2 from An. gambiae and An. albimanus. CTL4 and CTLMA2 are known to form a disulfide-bridged heterodimer via an N-terminal tri-cysteine CXCXC motif. We demonstrate in vitro that CTL4 and CTLMA2 intermolecular disulfide formation is promiscuous within this motif. Furthermore, CTL4 and CTLMA2 form higher oligomeric states at physiological pH. Both lectins bind specific sugars, including glycosaminoglycan motifs with β1-3/β1-4 linkages between glucose, galactose and their respective hexosamines. Small-angle x-ray scattering data supports a compact heterodimer between the CTL domains. Recombinant CTL4/CTLMA2 is found to function in vivo, reversing the enhancement of phenol oxidase activity in dsCTL4-treated mosquitoes. We propose these molecular features underline a common function for CTL4/CTLMA2 in mosquitoes, with species and strain-specific variation in degrees of activity in response to Plasmodium infection.

Indexed as

Amino Acid SequenceAnimalsAnophelesCalciumConserved SequenceEnzyme InhibitorsEscherichia coliInsect ProteinsLectins, C-TypeMonophenol MonooxygenasePolysaccharidesRecombinant ProteinsSolutionsCalciumEnzyme InhibitorsInsect ProteinsLectins, C-TypeMonophenol MonooxygenasePolysaccharidesRecombinant ProteinsSolutions

Identifiers

PMID31645596
PMCPMC6811590
OpenAlexW2981431022

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.