ArticlePediatric research2020
Circulating growth-and-differentiation factor-15 in early life: relation to prenatal and postnatal growth and adiposity measurements.
Article in Pediatric research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circulating Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) in Paediatric Disease: A Systematic Review.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2025Pooled it
- The relative deficit of GDF15 in adolescent girls with PCOS can be changed into an abundance that reduces liver fat.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Associations of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 in Chronic Kidney Disease.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Metabolic Messenger: growth differentiation factor 15.Nature metabolism · 2025Review
- Cord Blood Exosomal miRNAs from Small-for-Gestational-Age Newborns: Association with Measures of PostnatalInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Association of Circulating GDF-15 with Fetal Growth in Gestational Diabetes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The Proteome of Exosomes at Birth Predicts Insulin Resistance, Adrenarche and Liver Fat in Childhood.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Macrophages as a Source and Target of GDF-15.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- GDF15 as a key disease target and biomarker: linking chronic lung diseases and ageing.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- Nausea, vomiting and conflict in pregnancy: The adaptive significance of Growth-Differentiation Factor 15.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2024Article
- Comprehensive Role of GDF15 in Inhibiting Adipogenesis and Hyperlipidemia, Enhancing Cardiovascular Health and Alleviating Inflammation in Metabolic Disorders.Current pharmaceutical design · 2024Review
- [Characteristics of the left heart structure and function in 86 term neonates with intrauterine growth restriction].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2023Article
- Article
- Circulating progranulin in human infants: relation to prenatal growth and early postnatal nutrition.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Cord Blood FGF-21 and GDF-15 Levels Are Affected by Maternal Exposure to Moderate to Severe Anemia and Malaria.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2023Article
- Adipokines in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of Clinical Data.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Circulating exosomes decrease in size and increase in number between birth and age 7: relations to fetal growth and liver fat.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) levels predict adverse respiratory outcomes in premature neonates.Pediatric pulmonology · 2023Article
- Growth differentiation factor-15 and its role in diabetes and cardiovascular disease.Cytokine & growth factor reviews · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGrowth-and-differentiation-factor-15 (GDF15) is a regulator of energy homeostasis. To determine the relationship between circulating GDF15 and parameters of metabolic health, we assessed longitudinally GDF15 concentrations in infants born either appropriate- (AGA) or small-for-gestational-age (SGA), the latter population known to be at risk for metabolic alterations, particularly after a rapid postnatal catch-up in weight.
methodsThe study cohort consisted of 103 infants (70 AGA and 33 SGA). Assessments included body length, weight, and ponderal index (PI); fasting glucose, insulin, IGF-I, high-molecular-weight adiponectin, GDF15; and body composition (by absorptiometry) at birth, and at age 4, 12 and 24 months.
resultsGDF15 levels at birth were significantly higher than those at each subsequent time point and were similar in AGA and SGA subjects. GDF15 concentrations dropped at age 4 months, more substantially in SGA infants, and continued to decline in both subgroups reaching adult concentrations by age 24 months. GDF15 levels correlated inversely with the changes in PI, IGF-I and body fat throughout follow-up.
conclusionsEarly life is associated with supra-adult concentrations of GDF15. The lower levels of GDF15 in SGA subjects may be an adaptive mechanism to promote catch-up in weight and might increase the risk for obesity later in life.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.