ReviewThe ocular surface2020
The gut-eye-lacrimal gland-microbiome axis in Sjögren Syndrome.
Review in The ocular surface, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04342507 (Effects of Probiotic Oral Supplementation on the Treatment of Chalazion in Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 53 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Probiotic Oral Supplementation on the Treatment of Chalazion in Adults: a Pilot Study on 20 Patients
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Dietary supplements for dry eye disease].Die Ophthalmologie · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of gut microbiota-based therapies in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 80 randomized controlled trials.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Aqueous-deficient dry eye disease: Preferred practice pattern guidelines on clinical approach, diagnosis, and management.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Guideline
- Fecal Microbial Transplant in Individuals With Immune-Mediated Dry Eye.American journal of ophthalmology · 2022Trial
- Intestinal microbiome: a new target for chalaziosis treatment in children?European journal of pediatrics · 2021Trial
- Microbiome immune crosstalk in Sjögren's syndrome: mechanistic insights and translational perspectives.Immunologic research · 2026Review
- Ophiopogonin D Mediates Therapeutic Effects on Primary Sjögren's Syndrome by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Metabolite Profiles.Biomedical chromatography : BMC · 2026Article
- Sleep deprivation disrupts lacrimal gland homeostasis via hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and gut dysbiosis in mice.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota: new links between exercise and disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Gut-ocular surface axis in dry eye disease: phenotype-specific mechanisms, evidence, and microbiome-targeted interventions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- The Gut Microbiome in Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Sjögren's Disease: Correlations with Dry Eye.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- The Immunobiology of Dry Eye Disease: A Review of the Pathogenesis, Regulation and Therapeutic Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Pregnancy and Dry Eye Syndrome: A Review for Clinical Practice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Multi-omics characterization of gut microbiota and fecal and plasma metabolites in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Exploring the immunomodulatory mechanism of total glucosides of paeony on Sjögren's syndrome dry eye disease based on the "gut-eye axis" pathway.International ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Oral Intake ofBiomedicines · 2025Article
- Conjunctival microbiota variations in a subset of middle-aged and elderly individuals from Beijing, China.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- The Role of Inflammatory Cytokines in the Causal Pathway From Gut Microbiota to Sjögren's Syndrome: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Article
- Article
- A Comparative Analysis of the Ocular Microbiome: Insights into Healthy Eyes and Anophthalmic Sockets.Microorganisms · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The bacterial communities that collectively inhabit our body are called the microbiome. Virtually all body surface harbors bacteria. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing that have provided insight into the diversity, composition of bacterial communities, and their interaction are discussed in this review, as well as the current knowledge of how the microbiome promotes ocular health. The ocular surface is a site of low bacterial load. Sjögren Syndrome is an autoimmune disease that affects the exocrine glands, causing dry mouth and dry eye. Systemic antibiotic treatment and germ-free mice have demonstrated that commensal bacteria have a protective role for the ocular surface and lacrimal gland. The existence of a gut-eye-lacrimal gland axis-microbiome is discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.