ArticleAmerican journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council2020
Old friends and friendly fire: Pregnancy, hookworm infection, and anemia among tropical horticulturalists.
Article in American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of shared biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for antiphospholipid syndrome and recurrent miscarriage by integrated bioinformatics analysis and machine learning.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Adherence to screening and management guidelines of maternal Group B Streptococcus colonization in pregnancy.Journal of advanced nursing · 2022Article
- High prevalence of sternal foramina in indigenous Bolivians compared to Midwest Americans and indigenous North Americans (sternal foramina in indigenous Bolivians).Anatomical science international · 2021Article
- Soil-transmitted helminth infection in pregnancy and long-term child neurocognitive and behavioral development: A prospective mother-child cohort in Benin.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Faecal parasites increase with age but not reproductive effort in wild female chimpanzees.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2020Article
- Immune function during pregnancy varies between ecologically distinct populations.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2020Article
- Evidence for height and immune function trade-offs among preadolescents in a high pathogen population.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesDespite public health concerns about hookworm infection in pregnancy, little is known about immune profiles associated with hookworm (Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale) infection during pregnancy. Fetal tolerance requirements may constrain maternal immune response to hookworm, thereby increasing susceptibility to new infections or increasing hemoglobin loss. To explore this possibility, we study systemic immune response and hemoglobin levels in a natural fertility population with endemic helminthic infection.
methodsWe used Bayesian multilevel models to analyze mixed longitudinal data on hemoglobin, hookworm infection, reproductive state, eosinophils, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) to examine the effects of pregnancy and hookworm infection on nonspecific inflammation, cellular parasite response, and hemoglobin among 612 Tsimane women aged 15-45 (1016 observations).
resultsPregnancy is associated with lower eosinophil counts and lower eosinophil response to hookworm, particularly during the second and third trimesters. Both hookworm and pregnancy are associated with higher ESR, with evidence for an interaction between the two causing further increases in the first trimester. Pregnancy is moderately associated with higher odds of hookworm infection (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 0.83 to 1.83). Pregnancy and hookworm both decrease hemoglobin and may interact to accentuate this effect in the first-trimester of pregnancy (Interaction: β: -0.30 g/dL; CI: -0.870 to 0.24).
conclusionsOur findings are consistent with a possible trade-off between hookworm immunity and successful pregnancy, and with the suggestion that hookworm and pregnancy may have synergistic effects, particularly in the first trimester.
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