ArticleInterface focus2019
On the origin of degeneracy in the genetic code.
Article in Interface focus, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genomic Codon Usage is Structurally Consistent with First-Classness Across the Tree of Life.Journal of molecular evolution · 2026Article
- Revealing the inherent design principles of the genetic code via an error correcting code representation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Traces of a Primitive RNA Ring in Current Genomes.Biology · 2025Article
- Maximal Genetic Code Symmetry Is a Physicochemical Purine-Pyrimidine Symmetry Language for Transcription and Translation in the Flow of Genetic Information from DNA to Proteins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The modular biochemical reaction network structure of cellular translation.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2023Article
- Symmetrical distributions of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases during the evolution of the genetic code.Theory in biosciences = Theorie in den Biowissenschaften · 2023Article
- The Evolution of Life Is a Road Paved with the DNA Quadruplet Symmetry and the Supersymmetry Genetic Code.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A self-sustaining serpentinization mega-engine feeds the fougerite nanoengines implicated in the emergence of guided metabolism.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- T cell receptor convergence is an indicator of antigen-specific T cell response in cancer immunotherapies.eLife · 2022Article
- Manual annotation ofF1000Research · 2022Article
- The Combinatorial Fusion Cascade to Generate the Standard Genetic Code.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Combinatorial Fusion Rules to Describe Codon Assignment in the Standard Genetic Code.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Comparative analysis of protein synthesis rate in COVID-19 with other human coronaviruses.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Article
- Circular Tessera Codes in the Evolution of the Genetic Code.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2020Article
- Codon Directional Asymmetry Suggests Swapped Prebiotic 1st and 2nd Codon Positions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The degeneracy of amino acid coding is one of the most crucial and enigmatic aspects of the genetic code. Different theories about the origin of the genetic code have been developed. However, to date, there is no comprehensive hypothesis on the mechanism that might have generated the degeneracy as we observe it. Here, we provide a new theory that explains the origin of the degeneracy based only on symmetry principles. The approach allows one to describe exactly the degeneracy of the early code (progenitor of the genetic code of LUCA, the last universal common ancestor) which is hypothesized to have the same degeneracy as the present vertebrate mitochondrial genetic code. The theory is based upon the tessera code, that fits as the progenitor of the early code. Moreover, we describe in detail the possible evolutionary transitions implied by our theory. The approach is supported by a unified mathematical framework that accounts for the degeneracy properties of both nuclear and mitochondrial genetic codes. Our work provides a new perspective to the understanding of the origin of the genetic code and the roles of symmetry principles in the organization of genetic information.
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