ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2020
Testosterone Therapy in Relation to Prostate Cancer in a U.S. Commercial Insurance Claims Database.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Artificial Intelligence Design for Race-Based Prostate Cancer Stage Classification With Multilayer Perceptron: Feature Selection Optimization Approach.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Framework for Race-Specific Prostate Cancer Detection Using Machine Learning Through Gene Expression Data: Feature Selection Optimization Approach.JMIR bioinformatics and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Late-onset hypogonadism: current methods of clinical diagnosis and treatment in Japan.Asian journal of andrology · 2025Review
- Metformin and testosterone replacement therapy inversely associated with hormone-associated cancers (prostate, colorectal and male breast cancers) among older White and Black men.Clinical endocrinology · 2022Article
- The role of testosterone in men's health: is it time for a new approach?International urology and nephrology · 2022Review
- Independent and Joint Effects of Testosterone Replacement Therapy and Statins use on the Risk of Prostate Cancer Among White, Black, and Hispanic Men.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe conducted a study to assess whether testosterone therapy (TT) alters prostate cancer risk using a large U.S. commercial insurance research database.
methodsFrom the HealthCore Integrated Research Database (HIRD), we selected men ages 30 years or greater who were new users of TT during 2007 to 2015. We selected two comparison groups: (i) unexposed (matched 10:1) and (ii) new users of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5i). Incident prostate cancer was defined as diagnosis of prostate cancer within 4 weeks following prostate biopsy. Propensity scores and inverse probability of treatment weights were used in Poisson regression models to estimate adjusted incidence rates, incidence rate ratios (IRR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Subgroup analyses included stratification by prostate cancer screening, hypogonadism, and follow-up time.
resultsThe adjusted prostate cancer IRR was 0.77 (95% CI, 0.68-0.86) when comparing TT with the unexposed group and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.79-0.91) in comparison with the PDE5i group. Inverse associations between TT and prostate cancer were observed in a majority of subgroup analyses, although in both comparisons estimates generally attenuated with increasing time following initial exposure. Among TT users, duration of exposure was not associated with prostate cancer.
conclusionsMen who received TT did not have a higher rate of prostate cancer compared with the unexposed or PDE5i comparison groups. The inverse association between TT and prostate cancer could be the result of residual confounding, contraindication bias, or undefined biological effect. IMPACT: This study suggests that limited TT exposure does not increase risk of prostate cancer in the short term.
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