ArticleViruses2019
Gut DNA Virome Diversity and Its Association with Host Bacteria Regulate Inflammatory Phenotype and Neuronal Immunotoxicity in Experimental Gulf War Illness.
Article in Viruses, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spermidine Attenuates Neuroimmune Dysfunction in Gulf War Illness via Modulation of the Gut- Brain Axis.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Current Perspectives on the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathogenesis of Microbiota and the Gut-Brain Axis, and Emerging Therapeutics.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- A multi-omics analysis of gut bacteriome, virome, and serum metabolome in bipolar depression.Npj mental health research · 2026Article
- Article
- Gut virome and its implications in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of inflammatory bowel disease.BMC medicine · 2025Review
- The gut virome and human health: From diversity to personalized medicine.Engineering microbiology · 2025Review
- The role of plant-based dietary compounds in gut microbiota modulation in inflammatory bowel disease.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Gulf War Illness Is Associated with Host Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis and Is Linked to Altered Species Abundance in Veterans from the BBRAIN Cohort.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Review
- Gut microbiota in pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of inflammatory bowel disease.Intestinal research · 2024Review
- Vitamin D modulation of brain-gut-virome disorder caused by polystyrene nanoplastics exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio).Microbiome · 2023Article
- Gut Phageome-An Insight into the Role and Impact of Gut Microbiome and Their Correlation with Mammal Health and Diseases.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Dysbiosis in gastrointestinal pathophysiology: Role of the gut microbiome in Gulf War Illness.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2023Review
- Antidepressants amitriptyline, fluoxetine, and traditional Chinese medicine Xiaoyaosan caused alterations in gut DNA virome composition and function in rats exposed chronic unpredictable mild stress.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Article
- The role of virome in the gastrointestinal tract and beyond.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- Gut virome dysbiosis following focal cerebral ischemia in mice.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2022Article
- Review
- Boston biorepository, recruitment and integrative network (BBRAIN): A resource for the Gulf War Illness scientific community.Life sciences · 2021Article
- Neuroimmune mechanisms of cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Gulf War illness.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Gulf War illness (GWI) is characterized by the persistence of inflammatory bowel disease, chronic fatigue, neuroinflammation, headache, cognitive impairment, and other medically unexplained conditions. Results using a murine model show that enteric viral populations especially bacteriophages were altered in GWI. The increased viral richness and alpha diversity correlated positively with gut bacterial dysbiosis and proinflammatory cytokines. Altered virome signature in GWI mice also had a concomitant weakening of intestinal epithelial tight junctions with a significant increase in Claudin-2 protein expression and decrease in ZO1 and Occludin mRNA expression. The altered virome signature in GWI, decreased tight junction protein level was followed by the presence an activation of innate immune responses such as increased Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways. The altered virome diversity had a positive correlation with serum IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ, intestinal inflammation (IFN-γ), and decreased Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), a neurogenesis marker. The co-exposure of Gulf War chemical and antibiotic (for gut sterility) or Gulf War chemical and Ribavirin, an antiviral compound to suppress virus alteration in the gut showed significant improvement in epithelial tight junction protein, decreased intestinal-, systemic-, and neuroinflammation. These results showed that the observed enteric viral dysbiosis could activate enteric viral particle-induced innate immune response in GWI and could be a novel therapeutic target in GWI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.