Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31639180›Full record

ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2020

Tobacco 21 Laws in Europe: A Policy Whose Time Has Come.

David T Levy, Rafael Meza

Abstract readComment
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

David T LevyLombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC.
Rafael MezaDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School Public Health, University of Michigan, MI.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionA 21 tobacco age of sale has been proposed for European nations.

methodsWe briefly review past studies of underage purchase policies and their enforcement.

resultsPast evaluations and modeling studies indicate important public health gains from 21 tobacco age of sale laws. However, further attention should be given to issues of compliance, the availability of social sources, and the breadth of coverage. In particular, the application of the law to e-cigarettes merits further attention.

conclusionsPast literature indicates potential benefits of a 21 tobacco age of sale in terms of reducing tobacco use in European nations. IMPLICATIONS: We review past studies of underage purchase laws, and the potential implications of applying that law to e-cigarettes. Past studies indicate the effectiveness of raising tobacco age of sale laws to 21. This law should be implemented and enforced in Europe.

Indexed as

Electronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsTobacco ProductsCommerceEuropeSmoking

Identifiers

PMID31639180

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.