ArticleNature immunology2019
Commensal viruses maintain intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes via noncanonical RIG-I signaling.
Article in Nature immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapy of allergic rhinitis using ribavirin spray to clear nasal commensal viruses.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Trial
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- Oral virome in health and disease.Journal of the American Dental Association (1939) · 2026Review
- Gut Microbiome Disruption in Shelter Cats with Feline Panleukopenia: Virome Co-Detection and Enteric Dysbiosis.Biology · 2026Review
- Phage-Microbiota Interactions in the Gut: Implications for Health and Therapeutic Strategies.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Commensal Viruses Promote Intestinal Stem Cell Regeneration Following Radiation Damage by Inhibiting Hyperactivation of RIG-I and Notch Signals.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Gut Virome and Aging: Phage-Driven Microbial Stability and Immune Modulation.Aging and disease · 2025Review
- Zika virus-induced fetal demise is triggered by strain- and dose-specific RLR-driven activation of the interferon response in the decidua, placenta, and fetus inJournal of virology · 2025Article
- Mucosal Immunity: Lessons from the Lower Respiratory and Small Intestinal Epithelia.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Immunoglobulin A controls intestinal virus colonization to preserve immune homeostasis.Cell host & microbe · 2025Article
- Small Biological Fighters Against Cancer: Viruses, Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, Protozoa, and Microalgae.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Review
- Dietary nucleic acids promote oral tolerance through innate sensing pathways in mice.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Tumor cell-intrinsic Piezo2 drives radioresistance by impairing CD8+ T cell stemness maintenance.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Article
- Gut virome and diabetes: discovering links, exploring therapies.Archives of microbiology · 2024Review
- Are Viruses Taxonomic Units? A Protein Domain and Loop-Centric Phylogenomic Assessment.Viruses · 2024Review
- Myeloid Cells and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Are Required for TCRαβ Intraepithelial Lymphocyte Recruitment to the Colon Epithelium.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Bacteriophages: a double-edged sword in the gastrointestinal tract.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2024Review
- Gut microbiota: a crucial player in the combat against tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Pan-viral serology uncovers distinct virome patterns as risk predictors of hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Much attention has focused on commensal bacteria in health and disease, but the role of commensal viruses is understudied. Although metagenomic analysis shows that the intestine of healthy humans and animals harbors various commensal viruses and the dysbiosis of these viruses can be associated with inflammatory diseases, there is still a lack of causal data and underlying mechanisms to understand the physiological role of commensal viruses in intestinal homeostasis. In the present study, we show that commensal viruses are essential for the homeostasis of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs). Mechanistically, the cytosolic viral RNA-sensing receptor RIG-I in antigen-presenting cells can recognize commensal viruses and maintain IELs via a type I interferon-independent, but MAVS-IRF1-IL-15 axis-dependent, manner. The recovery of IELs by interleukin-15 administration reverses the susceptibility of commensal virus-depleted mice to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Collectively, our results indicate that commensal viruses maintain the IELs and consequently sustain intestinal homeostasis via noncanonical RIG-I signaling.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.