ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019
Middle Paleolithic complex technology and a Neandertal tar-backed tool from the Dutch North Sea.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Towards robust identification of Pleistocene adhesives: a critical review of current analytical approaches.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Review
- Antibacterial properties of experimentally produced birch tar and its medicinal affordances in the Pleistocene.PloS one · 2026Article
- Ancient DNA and biomarkers from artefacts: insights into technology and cultural practices in Neolithic Europe.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Art beyond cognition: reframing Neanderthal art through social connectivity and cultural transmission.Evolutionary human sciences · 2025Article
- Back(s) to basics: The concept of backing in stone tool technologies for tracing hominins' technical innovations.Evolutionary anthropology · 2024Review
- Problems with two recent Petri net analyses of Neanderthal adhesive technology.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Reply to: Problems with two recent Petri net analyses of Neanderthal adhesive technology.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Ochre-based compound adhesives at the Mousterian type-site document complex cognition and high investment.Science advances · 2024Article
- Article
- Differences in birch tar composition are explained by adhesive function in the central European Iron Age.PloS one · 2024Article
- Measuring ancient technological complexity and its cognitive implications using Petri nets.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Scaling Palaeolithic tar production processes exponentially increases behavioural complexity.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Identifying Palaeolithic birch tar production techniques: challenges from an experimental biomolecular approach.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Production method of the Königsaue birch tar documents cumulative culture in Neanderthals.Archaeological and anthropological sciences · 2023Article
- Archaeological evidence for thinking about possibilities in hominin evolution.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022Review
- Organization of residential space, site function variability, and seasonality of activities among MIS 5 Iberian Neandertals.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Laboratory-based experimental research into the effect of diagenesis on heated bone: implications and improved tools for the characterisation of ancient fire.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Functional characterization of Mousterian tools from the Caucasus using comprehensive use-wear and residue analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- A new method for birch tar making with materials available in the Stone Age.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Modelling and measuring complexity of traditional and ancient technologies using Petri nets.PloS one · 2022Article
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14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We report the discovery of a 50,000-y-old birch tar-hafted flint tool found off the present-day coastline of The Netherlands. The production of adhesives and multicomponent tools is considered complex technology and has a prominent place in discussions about the evolution of human behavior. This find provides evidence on the technological capabilities of Neandertals and illuminates the currently debated conditions under which these technologies could be maintained.
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