ArticleAmerican journal of translational research2019
Tumor-associated macrophages induce invasion and poor prognosis in human gastric cancer in a cyclooxygenase-2/MMP9-dependent manner.
Article in American journal of translational research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- SIRPα ablated iPSC-derived macrophages resist hypophagia and enhance mAb-dependent and CAR-mediated cytotoxicity of solid tumors.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Traditional Chinese medicine modulates tumor-associated macrophages to suppress gastric cancer progression: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Immune modulation in gastric cancer: from macrophage polarization to immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunosuppressive cells as barriers to cancer therapy: mechanisms and emerging solutions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The benefits of combining an immunomodulator with a chemotherapy agent in chondrosarcoma-a proof of concept with mifamurtide.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Article
- Stabilin-1 in Tumor-Associated Macrophages: A Potential Therapeutic Target in Cancer Immunotherapy.Biology · 2025Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages derived exosomal circPLK1 promotes resistance to EGFR inhibitor osimertinib in non-small cell lung cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Huangqi fuling decoction inhibits the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer via the TNF signaling pathway.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Role of Macrophages in Various Types of Tumors and the Possibility of Their Use as Targets for Antitumor Therapy.Cancers · 2025Review
- Cell-in-cell associated lncRNA signature predicts prognosis and immunotherapy response in gastric cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- The potential contribution of aberrant cathepsin K expression to gastric cancer pathogenesis.Discover oncology · 2024Article
- Tumour-associated macrophages in gastric cancer: From function and mechanism to application.Clinical and translational medicine · 2023Review
- Elian granules alleviate precancerous lesions of gastric cancer in rats by suppressing M2-type polarization of tumor-associated macrophages through NF-κB signaling pathway.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2023Article
- Engineering Bifunctional Calcium Alendronate Gene-Delivery Nanoneedle for Synergistic Chemo/Immuno-Therapy Against HER2 Positive Ovarian Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Role of tumor-associated macrophages in common digestive system malignant tumors.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2023Review
- Effect of NETs/COX-2 pathway on immune microenvironment and metastasis in gastric cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Effects of Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors on Gastrointestinal Malignancies: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Indian journal of surgical oncology · 2022Article
- MMP-9 secreted by M2-type macrophages promotes Wilms' tumour metastasis through the PI3K/AKT pathway.Molecular biology reports · 2022Article
- Therapeutic Effect of Melittin-dKLA Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Melanoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- PDGFRB is a potential prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates in gastric cancer.Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are associated with invasion, angiogenesis, and poor prognosis in many human cancers. However, the role of TAMs in human gastric cancer (GC) remains elusive. In the present study, we first measured COX2 expression and TAM infiltration in human GC tissues using double immunohistochemical staining. Then, we indirectly cocultured M2-polarized macrophages derived from human THP-1 cells with GC cells as an in vitro model. Transwell assays, siRNA transfection, treatment with a COX2 inhibitor and Western blotting were used to investigate the relationship among TAMs, invasion and COX2 expression as well as the underlying molecular mechanism. Double IHC staining showed that TAMs were aggregated near GC tumor nests and had high COX2 expression; moreover, the number of TAMs that infiltrated the tumor nest was correlated with the depth of invasion, COX2 expression and poor prognosis in human GC. In an in vitro assay, after treatment with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), the THP-1 cells differentiated into M2 macrophages and induced COX2/MMP9-dependent invasiveness in GC cells. Pretreatment of GC cells with COX2 siRNA or a COX2 inhibitor (Celecoxib) can negate these promoting effects. The results of this study and those of our previous studies indicate that coculture with M2-polarized macrophages can induce the COX2-dependent release of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), which subsequently increases the invasiveness of GC cells. Our data may provide a basis for targeting TAMs or for polarizing TAMs through immune regulation to halt GC progression, which could soon become a nonsurgical treatment for human gastric cancer.
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31632572PMC6789263W2986861431What OpenQuestion holds
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.