ArticleInternational journal of tryptophan research : IJTR2019
Kynurenines, Neuropsychiatric Symptoms, and Cognitive Prognosis in Patients with Mild Dementia.
Article in International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Kynurenine pathway dysregulation in cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.GeroScience · 2026Pooled it
- Dynamic changes in metabolites of the kynurenine pathway in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease: A systematic Review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- The Tryptophan-Kynurenine Pathway as a Key Mediator of the Gut-Brain Axis in Depression and Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Plasma levels of immune system activation markers Neopterin and Kynurenine-to-Tryptophan Ratio, and oral health among community-dwelling adults in Norway: a population-based, cohort study.Acta odontologica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal diversity in molecular and functional abnormalities in the mdx dystrophic brain.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Sensitive Detection of Kynurenic Acid from Biological Fluids Using a Flexible Electrochemical Platform Based on Gold Nanoparticles and Reduced Graphene Oxide.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Brain-Gut and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Communication in Type-2 Diabetes Linked Alzheimer's Disease.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Kynurenines, Neuronal Excitotoxicity, and Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress: Role of the Intestinal Flora.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Influence of Kynurenine Metabolites on Neurodegenerative Pathologies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Microbial-Derived Tryptophan Metabolites and Their Role in Neurological Disease: Anthranilic Acid and Anthranilic Acid Derivatives.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- The possible role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the pathophysiology of delirium in older persons.Microbiome research reports · 2023Review
- Kynurenine Metabolism and Alzheimer's Disease: The Potential Targets and Approaches.Neurochemical research · 2022Review
- The Effects of Synbiotics Administration on Stress-Related Parameters in Thai Subjects-A Preliminary Study.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Autoantibody profiles associated with clinical features in psychotic disorders.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- Review
- Phase 1 study to access safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of kynurenine in healthy volunteers.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2021Article
- Pathomechanisms of Non-Traumatic Acute Brain Injury in Critically Ill Patients.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020Review
- Are Kynurenines Accomplices or Principal Villains in Dementia? Maintenance of Kynurenine Metabolism.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- The Associations Between Cognitive Prognosis and Kynurenines Are Modified by the Apolipoprotein ε4 Allele Variant in Patients With Dementia.International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionCirculating tryptophan (Trp) and its downstream metabolites, the kynurenines, are potentially neuroactive. Consequently, they could be associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms and cognitive prognosis in patients with dementia.
objectiveThe objective of this study was to assess associations between circulating kynurenines, cognitive prognosis, and neuropsychiatric symptoms.
methodsWe measured baseline serum Trp, neopterin, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), and 9 kynurenines in 155 patients with mild dementia (90 with Alzheimer's disease, 65 with Lewy body dementia). The ratios between kynurenine and Trp and kynurenic acid (KA) to kynurenine (KKR) were calculated. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) were administered at baseline and annually over 5 years. Associations between baseline metabolite concentrations with MMSE and the NPI total score were assessed using a generalized structural equation model (mixed-effects multiprocess model), adjusted for age, sex, current smoking, glomerular filtration rate, and PLP. Post hoc associations between KKRs and individual NPI items were assessed using logistic mixed-effects models. False discovery rate (0.05)-adjusted
resultsKynurenine had a nonlinear quadratic relationship with the intercept of the MMSE scores over 5 years (
conclusionsKynurenine has a complex relationship with cognition, where both low and high levels were associated with poor cognitive performance. A higher KKR indicated risk for neuropsychiatric symptoms, especially hallucinations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.