ReviewEuropean archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry2019
Guidelines on the use of fluoride for caries prevention in children: an updated EAPD policy document.
Review in European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06922552 (Clinical Performance of Giomer Preceded by Etching Versus Resin-Based Sealants Applied on Permanent Molars Affected by Molar-Incisor Hypo-mineralization), which is not on this map. Cited by 117 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Performance of Giomer Preceded by Etching Versus Resin-Based Sealants Applied on Permanent Molars Affected by Molar-Incisor Hypo-mineralization: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Who cites it
117 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 282 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating Reporting Completeness in Oral Health Clinical Guidelines: A Meta-Research Study.JDR clinical and translational research · 2026Pooled it
- Caries prevention in permanent teeth - basic recommendations of the German S 3 guideline.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Guideline
- Clinical outcomes of interproximal enamel reduction in orthodontic treatment of children and adolescents: a systematic review.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2025Pooled it
- Individual, Family, and Socioeconomic Contributors to Dental Caries in Children from Low- and Middle-Income Countries.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- The additional benefit of professional fluoride application for children as an adjunct to regular fluoride toothpaste: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2021Pooled it
- Topical fluoride-antibacterial agent combined therapy versus topical fluoride monotherapy in preventing dental caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2020Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Bioactive Glass-Based Toothpaste for Early Childhood Caries Prevention: A Randomized Controlled Trial.International dental journal · 2026Trial
- The evaluation of different information methods on behaviour and anxiety levels of children aged 6 to 9 years: a randomised controlled trial.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2025Trial
- A Comparison of the Fluoride 'Paint- On' vs Tray Application Techniques for Enamel Remineralisation.International dental journal · 2024Trial
- Concentration of Fluoride in Saliva After Fluoride Gel Application: A Randomised Clinical Trial.International dental journal · 2024Trial
- The effectiveness of topical fluoride agents on preventing development of approximal caries in primary teeth: a randomized clinical trial.BMC oral health · 2023Trial
- Caries-preventing effect of a hydroxyapatite-toothpaste in adults: a 18-month double-blinded randomized clinical trial.Frontiers in public health · 2023Trial
- Long-Term Effects of a Randomized Maternal Education Trial in Rural Uganda: Implications for Child Oral Health.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2022Trial
- Salivary fluoride concentration following toothbrushing with and without rinsing: a randomised controlled trial.BMC oral health · 2022Trial
- Comparative Evaluation of the Enamel Remineralization Potential and Antibacterial Activity of Pediatric Toothpastes Containing Fluoride, Hydroxyapatite, Ozone, Propolis, and Postbiotics: An in vitro Study.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2026Article
- Children's oral health: Are dentists and physicians prepared enough? A cross-sectional interdisciplinary survey carried out in North Italy.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026Article
- Are chatbots reliable sources of information regarding fluoride in pediatric dentistry?BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Benchmark Approach to Unravel Fluoride Toxicity: Liver and Kidney Disruptions in Subacutely Exposed Rats.Journal of xenobiotics · 2026Article
- Midwives' knowledge and preventive practices regarding early childhood caries: a quantitative study in France.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the antimicrobial potential of fluoride-free mouthwashes against Scardovia wiggsiae.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026Article
57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo update the exisitng European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) 2009 fluoride guidelines.
methodsExperts met in Athens, Greece duirng November 2018 for the following groups: I Fluoride toothpastes, II Fluoride gels, rinses and varnishes, III Fluoridated milk, fluoridated salt, tablets/lozenges and drops, IV Water fluoridation. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were reviewed and discussed for each of the groups. The GRADE system was used to assess the quality of evidence which was judged as HIGH, MODERATE, LOW or VERY LOW based on the assessment of eight criteria which can influence the confidence of the results. Following the quality assessment, GRADE was then used to indicate the strength of recommendation for each fluoride agent as STRONG or WEAK/CONDITIONAL.
resultsParents must be strongly advised to apply an age-related amount of toothpaste and assist/supervise tooth brushing until at least 7 years of age. The EAPD strongly endorses the daily use of fluoride as a major part of any comprehensive programme for the prevention and control of dental caries in children. Regardless of the type of programme, community or individually based, the use of fluoride must be balanced between the estimation of caries-risk and the possible risks of adverse effects of the fluorides. Fluoride use is considered safe when the manufacturer's instructions are followed. Preventive programmes should be re-evaluated at regular intervals and adapted to a patient's or population's needs and risks.
conclusionsFor the majority of European Countries, the EAPD recommends the appropriate use of fluoride toothpaste in conjunction with good oral hygiene to be the basic fluoride regimen.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.