ArticleImmunology2020
Endosomal toll-like receptors play a key role in activation of primary human monocytes by cowpea mosaic virus.
Article in Immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virus-like particles based on plant viruses and bacteriophages: emerging strategies for the delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics.Chemical science · 2026Review
- A comprehensive review of using nanomaterials in cancer immunotherapy: Pros and Cons of clinical usage.3 Biotech · 2025Review
- A replicon-based COVID-19 vaccine candidate delivered by tobacco mosaic virus-like particles.Vaccine · 2025Article
- Nanomaterials-driven in situ vaccination: a novel frontier in tumor immunotherapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- A Self-Amplifying Human Papillomavirus 16 Vaccine Candidate Delivered by Tobacco Mosaic Virus-Like Particles.ACS applied bio materials · 2024Article
- Heterologous Prime-Boost with Immunologically Orthogonal Protein Nanoparticles for Peptide Immunofocusing.ACS nano · 2024Article
- Article
- Heterologous Prime-Boost with Immunologically Orthogonal Protein Nanoparticles for Peptide Immunofocusing.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- In situ vaccination with cowpea mosaic virus elicits systemic antitumor immunity and potentiates immune checkpoint blockade.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Article
- Self-adjuvanting cancer nanovaccines.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Review
- Cowpea Mosaic Virus and Natural Killer Cell Agonism for In Situ Cancer Vaccination.Nano letters · 2022Article
- Emerging Potential of Plant Virus Nanoparticles (PVNPs) in Anticancer Immunotherapies.Journal of cancer immunology · 2022Article
- Review
- Cowpea mosaic virus stimulates antitumor immunity through recognition by multiple MYD88-dependent toll-like receptors.Biomaterials · 2021Article
- The pharmacology of plant virus nanoparticles.Virology · 2021Review
- Article
- Remission-Stage Ovarian Cancer Cell Vaccine with Cowpea Mosaic Virus Adjuvant Prevents Tumor Growth.Cancers · 2021Article
- Plant Virus Nanoparticles for Anti-cancer Therapy.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The plant virus, cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV), has demonstrated a remarkable capacity to induce anti-tumour immune responses following direct administration into solid tumours. The molecular pathways that account for these effects and the capacity of CPMV to activate human cells are not well defined. Here, we examine the ability of CPMV particles to activate human monocytes, dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Monocytes in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures and purified CD14+ monocytes were readily activated by CPMV in vitro, leading to induction of HLA-DR, CD86, PD-L1, IL-15R and CXCL10 expression. Monocytes released chemokines, CXCL10, MIP-1α and MIP-1β into cell culture supernatants after incubation with CPMV. DC subsets (pDC and mDC) and monocyte-derived macrophages also demonstrated evidence of activation after incubation with CPMV. Inhibitors of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), endocytosis or endocytic acidification impaired the capacity of CPMV to activate monocytes. Furthermore, CPMV activation of monocytes was partially blocked by a TLR7/8 antagonist. These data demonstrate that CPMV activates human monocytes in a manner dependent on SYK signalling, endosomal acidification and with an important contribution from TLR7/8 recognition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.