ArticleAnnals of botany2020
Multiple founder events explain the genetic diversity and structure of the model allopolyploid grass Brachypodium hybridum in the Iberian Peninsula hotspot.
Article in Annals of botany, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Plastome evolution in annual Brachypodium species reveals widespread heteroplasmy and chloroplast capture, lineage-specific codon usage bias, and low positive selection.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- The genetic structure of aPeerJ · 2026Article
- Impact of barriers on Cyrno-Sardinian endemisms: A comparative study of population genetics and phylogeography within taxa of Centranthus sect. Nervosae (Caprifoliaceae).Plant biology (Stuttgart, Germany) · 2025Article
- Ploidy as a leaky reproductive barrier: mechanisms, rates and evolutionary significance of interploidy gene flow.Annals of botany · 2024Review
- Migration without interbreeding: Evolutionary history of a highly selfing Mediterranean grass inferred from whole genomes.Molecular ecology · 2022Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsIt is accepted that contemporary allopolyploid species have originated recurrently, but very few cases have been documented using multiple natural formations of the same species. To extend our knowledge, we have investigated the multiple origins, genetic variation and structure of the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum with respect to its progenitor diploid species B. distachyon (D genome) and B. stacei (S genome). For this, our primary focus is the Iberian Peninsula, an evolutionary hotspot for the genus Brachypodium.
methodsWe analysed 342 B. hybridum individuals from 36 populations using ten nuclear SSR loci and two plastid loci. The B. hybridum genetic profiles were compared with those previously reported for B. stacei and B. distachyon. In addition, phylogenetic analysis of the plastid data was performed for a reduced subset of individuals. KEY
resultsThe nuclear simple sequence repeat (SSR) genetic analysis detected medium to high genetic diversity, with a strong south-to-north genetic structure cline, and a high selfing rate in B. hybridum. Comparative genetic analysis showed a close relatedness of current B. hybridum D allelic profiles with those of B. distachyon, but a lack of similarity with those of B. stacei, suggesting another B. stacei source for the B. hybridum S alleles. Plastid analysis detected three different bidirectional allopolyploidization events: two involved distinct B. distachyon-like ancestors and one involved a B. stacei-like ancestor. The south-eastern Iberian Peninsula B. hybridum populations were more genetically diverse and could have originated from at least two hybridization events whereas north-eastern/north-western Iberian Peninsula B. hybridum populations were less diverse and may have derived from at least one hybridization event.
conclusionsThe genetic and evolutionary evidence supports the plausible in situ origin of the south-eastern and northern Iberian Peninsula B. hybridum allopolyploids from their respective local B. distachyon and unknown B. stacei ancestors. The untapped multiple origins and genetic variation detected in these B. hybridum populations opens the way to future evolutionary analysis of allopolyploid formation and genomic dominance and expression in the B. hybridum-B. distachyon-B. stacei grass model complex.
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