Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31628416›Full record

SynthesisMolecular psychiatry2020

Socioeconomic status and inflammation: a meta-analysis.

Keely A Muscatell, Samantha N Brosso, Kathryn L Humphreys

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Molecular psychiatry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 171 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
171citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

171 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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111 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Keely A MuscatellDepartment of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. kmuscatell@unc.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7893-5565
Samantha N BrossoDepartment of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Kathryn L HumphreysDepartment of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5715-6597

Funding

Telomere Length as a Mediator Between Early Life Stress and Child Health OutcomesF32MH107129 · NIMH · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI HUMPHREYS, KATHRYN LEIGH · 2015 to 2017
$169k
NIMH NIH HHS F32 MH107129
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Socioeconomic status (SES), often conceptualized as income, education, or occupation, is associated with risk for disease morbidity and psychopathology. Recent research has focused on the potential biological mechanisms linking lower SES and poor outcomes; much of this work has examined the relationship between SES and markers of systemic inflammation. The strength of the estimated association between SES and inflammatory markers varies widely across individual studies. Thus, we used meta-analytic techniques to quantify the magnitude of this relationship. To accomplish this, PubMed and PsycINFO were searched for papers that reported on SES and two commonly measured systemic inflammatory markers, C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Peer-reviewed, empirical papers conducted in non-patient populations were included. Data from 43 papers (N = 111,156) reporting a total of 63 relevant effect sizes were included in analyses. SES, broadly defined, was significantly associated with both levels of CRP (Z = 0.12; 95% CI, 0.09-0.16) and IL-6 (Z = 0.15; 95% CI, 0.12-0.18); individuals with lower SES showed higher levels of systemic inflammation. Subanalyses demonstrated that studies operationalizing SES as either levels of income or educational attainment also found significant associations with both CRP and IL-6. Moderator analyses revealed that effect sizes varied based on sample characteristics and analysis approaches. Lower SES is associated with significantly elevated levels of inflammatory markers of disease risk. Thus, pro-inflammatory pathways are likely an important mechanism translating socioeconomic inequalities into mental and physical health disparities.

Indexed as

Socioeconomic FactorsC-Reactive ProteinEducational StatusHumansIncomeInflammationInterleukin-6Social ClassC-Reactive ProteinInterleukin-6

Identifiers

PMID31628416
PMCPMC6814496

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.