ReviewBiomedical journal2019
Regulation of B cell responses by distinct populations of CD4 T cells.
Review in Biomedical journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes from MSCs pretreated with inflammatory factors attenuate renal injury of diabetic mice by regulating macrophage polarization.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026Article
- LL-37 IgG levels are associated with clinical characteristics and T follicular cell response in acute coronary syndrome in adults.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Calprotectin as a Biomarker for Infectious Diseases: A Comparative Review with Conventional Inflammatory Markers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The roles of CD4Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Article
- B cells and the stressed brain: emerging evidence of neuroimmune interactions in the context of psychosocial stress and major depression.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- The Negative Effect of Preexisting Immunity on Influenza Vaccine Responses Transcends the Impact of Vaccine Formulation Type and Vaccination History.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Skeletal muscle provides the immunological micro-milieu for specific plasma cells in anti-synthetase syndrome-associated myositis.Acta neuropathologica · 2022Article
- The impact of HIV infection on the frequencies, function, spatial localization and heterogeneity of T follicular regulatory cells (TFRs) within human lymph nodes.BMC immunology · 2022Article
- Defects in aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase cause partial B and T cell immunodeficiency.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Article
- Article
- Review
- Complement-Opsonized Nano-Carriers Are Bound by Dendritic Cells (DC) via Complement Receptor (CR)3, and by B Cell Subpopulations via CR-1/2, and Affect the Activation of DC and B-1 Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Prime-boost with Chikungunya virus E2 envelope protein combined with Poly (I:C) induces specific humoral and cellular immune responses.Current research in immunology · 2021Article
- PDCD1 and IFNL4 genetic variants and risk of developing hepatitis C virus-related diseases.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2021Article
- Nucleic Acid-Based Approaches for Tumor Therapy.Cells · 2020Review
- Immune Monitoring of Patients With Primary Immune Regulation Disorders Unravels Higher Frequencies of Follicular T Cells With Different Profiles That Associate With Alterations in B Cell Subsets.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Development of humoral immunity.Biomedical journal · 2019Article
- The many (sur)faces of B cells.Biomedical journal · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Maturation of B cells in Germinal Centers (GC) is a hallmark in adaptive immunity and the basis of successful vaccines that protect us against lethal infections. Nonetheless, vaccination efficacy is very much reduced in aged population and against highly mutagenic viruses. Therefore, it is key to understand how B cell selection takes place in GC in order to develop new and fully protective vaccines. The cellular mechanisms that control selection of GC B cells are performed by different T cell populations. On one side, cognate entanglement of B cells with T follicular helper (Tfh) cells through cytokines and co-stimulatory signals promotes survival, proliferation, mutagenesis and terminal differentiation of GC B cells. On the other hand, regulatory T cells have also been reported within GC and interfere with T cell help for antibody production. These cells have been classified as a distinct T cell sub-population called T Follicular regulatory cells (Tfr). In this review, we investigate the phenotype, function and differentiation of these two cell populations. In addition, based on the different functions of these cell subsets, we highlight the open questions surrounding their heterogeneity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.