ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2019
Reformulating Pro-Oxidant Microglia in Neurodegeneration.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Identification of key programmed cell death genes-necroptosis-related genes in systemic lupus erythematosus.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Microglia‑mediated neuroinflammation in intracerebral hemorrhage: Pathological mechanisms and implications for therapeutic development (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- The Redox Revolution in Brain Medicine: Targeting Oxidative Stress with AI, Multi-Omics and Mitochondrial Therapies for the Precision Eradication of Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- GAL-201 as a Promising Amyloid-β-Targeting Small-Molecule Approach for Alzheimer's Disease Treatment: Consistent Effects on Synaptic Plasticity, Behavior and Neuroinflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- 9-Hydroxyaristoquinolone: A New Indole Alkaloid Isolated fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Lipid droplets in central nervous system and functional profiles of brain cells containing lipid droplets in various diseases.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Review
- The Interplay of Protein Aggregation, Genetics, and Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer's Disease: Role for Natural Antioxidants and Immunotherapeutics.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes regulate microglia phenotypes: a promising treatment for acute central nervous system injury.Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Early-stage effect of HIBD on neuro-motor function and organic composition of neurovascular units in neonatal rats.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- APOE in the bullseye of neurodegenerative diseases: impact of the APOE genotype in Alzheimer's disease pathology and brain diseases.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2022Review
- Targeting Oxidative Stress in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Prospects of the Natural Products Approach.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Melatonin ameliorates Parkinson's disease via regulating microglia polarization in a RORα-dependent pathway.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2022Article
- Modulating Microglia/Macrophage Activation by CDNF Promotes Transplantation of Fetal Ventral Mesencephalic Graft Survival and Function in a Hemiparkinsonian Rat Model.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- TREM2 and CD163 Ameliorate Microglia-Mediated Inflammatory Environment in the Aging Brain.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2022Article
- LDHB Deficiency Promotes Mitochondrial Dysfunction Mediated Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration in Adult Mouse Brain.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Oxidative Stress Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Targets.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Inflammatory Animal Models of Parkinson's Disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2022Review
- Microglial Priming in Infections and Its Risk to Neurodegenerative Diseases.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In neurodegenerative diseases, microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are central events. Recent genome-wide transcriptomic analyses of microglial cells under different disease conditions have uncovered a new subpopulation named disease-associated microglia (DAM). These studies have challenged the classical view of the microglia polarization state's proinflammatory M1 (classical activation) and immunosuppressive M2 (alternative activation). Molecular signatures of DAM and proinflammatory microglia (highly pro-oxidant) have shown clear differences, yet a partial overlapping gene profile is evident between both phenotypes. The switch activation of homeostatic microglia into reactive microglia relies on the selective activation of key surface receptors involved in the maintenance of brain homeostasis (a.k.a. pattern recognition receptors, PRRs). Two relevant PRRs are toll-like receptors (TLRs) and triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2), whose selective activation is believed to generate either a proinflammatory or a DAM phenotype, respectively. However, the recent identification of endogenous disease-related ligands, which bind to and activate both TLRs and TREM2, anticipates the existence of rather complex microglia responses. Examples of potential endogenous dual ligands include amyloid β, galectin-3, and apolipoprotein E. These pleiotropic ligands induce a microglia polarization that is more complicated than initially expected, suggesting the possibility that different microglia subtypes may coexist. This review highlights the main microglia polarization states under disease conditions and their leading role orchestrating oxidative stress.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.