ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2019
Comparison of Whole-Genome Sequences of Legionella pneumophila in Tap Water and in Clinical Strains, Flint, Michigan, USA, 2016.
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Legionellosis Outbreaks Associated with Two Hotels - U.S. Virgin Islands, October 2024-April 2025.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2026Article
- Comparative genomic analysis reveals distinct population structure in Legionella anisa.FEMS microbiology letters · 2026Article
- Review
- Genetic Diversity of Legionella pneumophila Isolates from Artificial Water Sources in Brazil.Current microbiology · 2024Article
- Detection of Diverse Sequence Types of Legionella pneumophila by Legiolert Enzymatic-Based Assay and the Development of a Long-Term Storage Protocol.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Pilot investigation on biostability of drinking water distribution systems under water source switching.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Article
- A Legionnaires' Disease Cluster in a Private Building in Italy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
During the water crisis in Flint, Michigan, USA (2014-2015), 2 outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease occurred in Genesee County, Michigan. We compared whole-genome sequences of 10 clinical Legionella pneumophila isolates submitted to a laboratory in Genesee County during the second outbreak with 103 water isolates collected the following year. We documented a genetically diverse range of L. pneumophila strains across clinical and water isolates. Isolates belonging to 1 clade (3 clinical isolates, 3 water isolates from a Flint hospital, 1 water isolate from a Flint residence, and the reference Paris strain) had a high degree of similarity (2-1,062 single-nucleotide polymorphisms), all L. pneumophila sequence type 1, serogroup 1. Serogroup 6 isolates belonging to sequence type 2518 were widespread in Flint hospital water samples but bore no resemblance to available clinical isolates. L. pneumophila strains in Flint tap water after the outbreaks were diverse and similar to some disease-causing strains.
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