Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31625514›Full record

Observational studyThe Lancet. Planetary health2019

Implications of gendered behaviour and contexts for social mobility in the USA: a nationally representative observational study.

Benjamin W Domingue, Beniamino Cislaghi, Jason M Nagata, Holly B Shakya, Ann M Weber, Jason D Boardman, Gary L Darmstadt, Kathleen Mullan Harris

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in The Lancet. Planetary health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Benjamin W DomingueGraduate School of Education and Population Health Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address: bdomingue@stanford.edu.
Beniamino CislaghiDepartment of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Jason M NagataDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Holly B ShakyaCenter on Gender Equity and Health, Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
Ann M WeberSchool of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA.
Jason D BoardmanInstitute of Behavioral Science and Department of Sociology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
Gary L DarmstadtDepartment of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Kathleen Mullan HarrisCarolina Population Center and Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Funding

Research Services CoreP2CHD050924 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI KAREN B GUZZO · 2015 to 2026
$9.6M
Adolescent fertility and social networks in rural HondurasK01HD087551 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SHAKYA, HOLLY BAKER · 2016 to 2020
$693k
NICHD NIH HHS K01 HD087551NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD050924
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe constructed measures of an individual's gendered behaviour and their gendered environment to investigate the salience of gender norms during adolescence for social mobility during the next decade of life.

methodsIn this nationally representative observational study, we collected individual-level data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), which enrolled a cohort of nationally representative school students aged 11-19 years from across the USA and followed them up for 14 years (ie, to age 25-33 years). We characterised gendered behaviour for adolescents in a performative sense via self-reports of behaviours and beliefs. We aggregated this individual-level measure to create a proxy measure of an individual's social context by taking averages for an individual's peers of the same sex and school year.

findingsBetween Jan 5, 1994, and Dec 26, 1995, Add Health collected data on a cohort of 20 745 students. 14 540 respondents were followed-up 14 years later between April 3, 2007, and Feb 1, 2009, of whom 7722 (53·1%) were female. More masculine male respondents were downwardly mobile; they were enrolled in school for fewer years and were more likely to have lower status jobs than their less masculine same-sex school peers. More masculine male respondents were also more likely to have jobs in occupational categories with larger proportions of males than their same-sex school peers. Gendered behaviour was not predictive of future educational and occupational attainment for female respondents. Male adolescents in school years with more masculine same-sex peers than male adolescents in other school years also tended to have lower educational and occupational attainment than their male peers. Educational and occupational attainment in early midlife for female respondents was not affected by their gendered environment.

interpretationGender, when measured as a set of gender-distinct behaviours in adolescence, was associated with differential patterns of social mobility from adolescence to young adulthood. Moreover, variation in an individual's local gender norms has implications for subsequent socioeconomic attainment, especially for male adolescents. These findings have potential implications for observed health disparities.

fundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultChildFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleSex CharacteristicsSex FactorsSocial MobilityStudentsUnited StatesYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID31625514
PMCPMC6876275

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.