Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31625264›Full record

ArticleHealth expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy2020

Beyond translation: Engaging with culturally and linguistically diverse consumers.

Reema Harrison, Merrilyn Walton, Upma Chitkara, Elizabeth Manias, Ashfaq Chauhan, Monika Latanik, Desiree Leone

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
62citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

62 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Pooled it
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  5. Pooled it
  6. Article
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  10. Are the Australian Dietary Guidelines Fit for Purpose for Culturally Diverse Populations? A Qualitative Study.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2026
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  11. Availability of Falls Prevention Programmes for Diverse Communities in Greater Sydney: A Gap Analysis.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2026
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  19. Perceived readiness of South African community service speech-language therapists to manage complex paediatric dysphagia.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir Kommunikasieafwykings · 2025
    Article
  20. Advance Care Planning in Multicultural Communities: A Document Analysis of Resources to Support Healthcare Staff and Consumers in Australia.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
    Article

2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Reema HarrisonSchool of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-8609-9827
Merrilyn WaltonSchool of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Upma ChitkaraSchool of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Elizabeth ManiasSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Burwood, Vic., Australia.
Ashfaq ChauhanSchool of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Monika LatanikMulticultural Health, Western Sydney Local Health District, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
Desiree LeoneMulticultural Health, Western Sydney Local Health District, Penrith, NSW, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn the context of an effective consumer engagement framework, there is potential for health-care delivery to be safer. Consumers from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds may experience several barriers when trying to engage about their health care, and they are not acknowledged sufficiently in contemporary strategies to facilitate patient engagement.

methodsFour focus group discussions were facilitated by bilingual fieldworkers in Arabic, Mandarin, Turkish and Dari in a district of Sydney, Australia that has a high proportion of CALD consumers. Each group included 5-7 health-care consumers who, using a topic guide, discussed their experiences of barriers and facilitators when engaging with health-care services in Australia. Thematic analysis was undertaken to identify, analyse and report patterns in the data.

resultsIn all, 24 consumers participated. Six inter-related themes emerged: navigating the health system; seeking meaningful interpretation; understanding and managing expectations; respectful professional care; accessing services; and feeling unsafe.

conclusionsThe incorporation of strategies such as professional interpreters and migrant health workers may go some way to addressing the needs of culturally or linguistically diverse consumers and facilitate communication, but do not sufficiently address the range of barriers to consumer engagement identified in this work. Understanding consumer experience in the context of the complex factors that may be associated with poor engagement and poor outcomes such as health literacy, cultural, educational and linguistic background, and health-care setting or condition, may contribute to better understanding about how to deliver quality health care to these patients.

Indexed as

Communication BarriersCultural DiversityHealth LiteracyHealth Services AccessibilityMultilingualismAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAustraliaDelivery of Health CareFemaleFocus GroupsHealth PersonnelHumansMaleMiddle Agedconsumer engagementfocus group researchhealth-care qualitymigrantspatient engagement

Identifiers

PMID31625264
PMCPMC6978859

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.