ArticlePlastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open2019
A Cross-sectional Study of the Association between Homelessness and Facial Fractures.
Article in Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Faces of inequality: social determinants of health in interpersonal violence-related facial fractures - a case-control study.Head & face medicine · 2026Article
- Surgical risks and care trends: A cross sectional study of people experiencing homelessness presenting at a free clinic care in Miami-Dade County.Surgery in practice and science · 2024Article
- Characteristics and Complication Rates of Mandibular Fractures Caused by Violent Mechanisms Versus Nonviolent Mechanisms.Eplasty · 2023Article
- A scoping review of surgical care for people experiencing homelessness: prevalence, access, and disparities.Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgieArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about the risk factors for facial fractures among homeless patients. We investigated the association between homelessness, mechanism of injury, and type of facial fracture in patients treated at an urban trauma center.
methodsData for 2,221 adults with facial fractures were obtained retrospectively from a standardized registry of trauma patients at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital from 2011 to 2016. Associations between homelessness and mechanism of injury, facial fracture type, and surgical repair type were evaluated with multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis.
resultsAmong 2,221 patients with facial fractures, 12% were homeless and, compared with housed patients, more likely to be male, black, and test positive for drug and alcohol use (all
conclusionsOur novel results demonstrate that homeless patients with facial fractures are at much higher risk than the general population for being assaulted, suffering mandible fractures, and requiring surgery for these fractures. Further investigations could guide identification, treatment, and prevention efforts.
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Registered trials
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