ArticleScientific reports2019
Simulated microgravity inhibits C2C12 myogenesis via phospholipase D2-induced Akt/FOXO1 regulation.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation to Combat Muscle Atrophy During Spaceflight: A Narrative Review of Mechanisms and Potential Applications.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A novel culture flask for clinostat-based simulation of extraterrestrial gravities.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- CXCL5 neutralization mitigates cancer cachexia by disrupting CAF-cancer cell crosstalk.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Article
- Aging and Altered Gravity: A Cellular Perspective.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Review
- Role of PI3 Kinases in Cell Signaling and Soleus Muscle Atrophy During Three Days of Unloading.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- Gut matters in microgravity: potential link of gut microbiota and its metabolites to cardiovascular and musculoskeletal well-being.Nutrition & metabolism · 2024Review
- Simulated microgravity attenuates myogenesis and contractile function of 3D engineered skeletal muscle tissues.NPJ microgravity · 2024Article
- Diosmin Promotes Myogenesis via Activating the Akt/FOXO1 Pathway to Facilitate the Proliferation of C2C12 Myoblasts.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2023Article
- Impacts of microgravity on amino acid metabolism during spaceflight.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2023Review
- Myostain is involved in ginsenoside Rb1-mediated anti-obesity.Pharmaceutical biology · 2022Article
- Cerium Oxide Nanoparticle Administration to Skeletal Muscle Cells under Different Gravity and Radiation Conditions.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2021Article
- Update on the effects of microgravity on the musculoskeletal system.NPJ microgravity · 2021Review
- Scalable Microgravity Simulator Used for Long-Term Musculoskeletal Cells and Tissue Engineering.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Effect of simulated microgravity on metabolism of HGC-27 gastric cancer cells.Oncology letters · 2020Article
- C-Peptide Inhibits Decidualization in Human Endometrial Stromal Cells via GSK3β-PP1.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The skeletal muscle system has evolved to maintain body posture against a constant gravitational load. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulates the mechanically induced increase in the skeletal muscle mass. In the present study, we investigated mTOR pathway in C2C12 myoblasts in a model of mechanical unloading by creating a simulated microgravity (SM) using 3 D clinorotation. SM decreased the phosphorylation of Akt at Ser 473, which was mediated by mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2), in C2C12 myoblasts, leading to a decrease in the cell growth rate. Subsequently, SM inhibited C2C12 myogenesis in an Akt-dependent manner. In addition, SM increased the phospholipase D (PLD) activity by enhancing PLD2 expression, resulting in the dissociation of mSIN1 from the mTORC2, followed by decrease in the phosphorylation of Akt at Ser 473, and FOXO1 at Ser 256 in C2C12 myoblasts. Exposure to SM decreased the autophagic flux of C2C12 myoblasts by regulation of mRNA level of autophagic genes in a PLD2 and FOXO1-dependent manner, subsequently, resulting in a decrease in the C2C12 myogenesis. In conclusion, by analyzing the molecular signature of C2C12 myogenesis using SM, we suggest that the regulatory axis of the PLD2 induced Akt/FOXO1, is critical for C2C12 myogenesis.
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