ReviewProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020
Biological embedding of experience: A primer on epigenetics.
Review in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 146 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
146 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Comparing the molecular correlates of PTSD in first responders and the broader molecular PTSD literature: a hybrid review.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Epigenetic changes produced in women victims of intimate partner violence: A systematic review.Women's health (London, England)Pooled it
- Telehealth Parenting Program and Salivary Epigenetic Biomarkers in Preschool Children With Developmental Delay: NIMHD Social Epigenomics Program.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Parenting Practices May Buffer the Impact of Adversity on Epigenetic Age Acceleration Among Young Children With Developmental Delays.Psychological science · 2023Trial
- Multi-omics characterization of chronic social defeat stress recall-activated nuclei in Arc-GFP mice.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Stressful exposure from the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami drives long-term changes in thyroid hormone physiology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Permissive and instructive causality: integrating biological and environmental factors in mental health.Psychological medicine · 2026Review
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- slideimp: efficient imputation of DNA methylation data.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Early-Life DNA methylation at TRIM6 and TTC23 promoters associates with respiratory infections at one year.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic analysis reveals synaptic dysregulation and mitochondrial dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- DNA Methylation ofBiological research for nursing · 2026Article
- Health among sexual and gender minority people affected by armed conflict and forced displacement: Call for a biocultural and minority stress framework.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Review
- Community threat, positive parenting, and accelerated epigenetic aging: Longitudinal links from childhood to adolescence.Child development · 2026Article
- Epigenetic age acceleration in young adults with congenital heart disease.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Article
- Cumulative environmental exposures adversely impact social behaviour and are associated with dysregulation of genes and proteins involved in epigenetic, ribosomal, and immune regulation in male mice.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- Gendered cultural context as a structural determinant of sexual and reproductive health.Reproductive health · 2025Article
86 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Biological embedding occurs when life experience alters biological processes to affect later life health and well-being. Although extensive correlative data exist supporting the notion that epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation underlie biological embedding, causal data are lacking. We describe specific epigenetic mechanisms and their potential roles in the biological embedding of experience. We also consider the nuanced relationships between the genome, the epigenome, and gene expression. Our ability to connect biological embedding to the epigenetic landscape in its complexity is challenging and complicated by the influence of multiple factors. These include cell type, age, the timing of experience, sex, and DNA sequence. Recent advances in molecular profiling and epigenome editing, combined with the use of comparative animal and human longitudinal studies, should enable this field to transition from correlative to causal analyses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.