ArticleMicroorganisms2019
Bacterial and Fungal Diversity Inside the Medieval Building Constructed with Sandstone Plates and Lime Mortar as an Example of the Microbial Colonization of a Nutrient-Limited Extreme Environment (Wawel Royal Castle, Krakow, Poland).
Article in Microorganisms, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Spatial and functional differentiation of microbial biofilms in a traditional cheese ripening environment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Extensive biofilm covering on sgraffito wall art: a call for proactive monitoring.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Exploring the key deteriorative microorganisms on ancient ivories unearthed from the Sanxingdui Ruins site during temporary cold storage.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Phototrophic and fungal communities inhabiting the Roman cryptoporticus of the national museum Machado de Castro (UNESCO site, Coimbra, Portugal).World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2022Article
- Environmental DNA reveals diversity and abundance ofAerobiologia · 2022Article
- Microbial Involvement in Carbon Transformation via CHBiology · 2021Article
- The Bad and the Good-Microorganisms in Cultural Heritage Environments-An Update on Biodeterioration and Biotreatment Approaches.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Biodeterioration is a serious threat to cultural heritage objects and buildings. The deterioration of a given material often incurs irreparable losses in terms of uniqueness and historical value. Hence preventive actions should be taken. One important challenge is to identify microbes involved in the biodeterioration process. In this study, we analyzed the microbial diversity of an ancient architectonical structure of the Rotunda of Sts. Felix and Adauctus, which is a part of the Wawel Royal Castle located in Krakow, Poland. The Rotunda is unavailable to tourists and could be treated as an extreme habitat due to the low content of nutrients coming either from sandstone plates bound with lime mortar or air movement. Microbial diversity was analyzed with the use of the high-throughput sequencing of marker genes corresponding to fragments of 16S rDNA (for Bacteria) and ITS2 (internal transcribed spacer 2) (for Fungi). The results showed that the microbial community adhered to wall surfaces is, to a large extent, endemic. Furthermore, alongside many microorganisms that could be destructive to masonry and mortar (e.g.,
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