ReviewPharmaceutics2019
In Vitro Methods for Evaluating Drug Release of Vaginal Ring Formulations-A Critical Review.
Review in Pharmaceutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Voriconazole Loaded Spanlastics: Design, Formulation, Optimization, and Randomized Controlled Clinical Insights for Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Therapy.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Trial
- Dissolving Microneedles Loaded with Lipid Nanocarriers for Vaginal Delivery of Clotrimazole:Molecular pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- A process-driven approach for manufacturing personalized intravaginal rings using droplet deposition modeling.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Drug and therapeutic intravaginal delivery targeting diseases in the female reproductive tract: A mathematical modeling perspective.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Review
- Designing, Characterization, and Optimization of Nystatin Loaded Mucoadhesive Spanlastical Hard Candy Lozenges as a Treatment of Oral Candidiasis: An in-vivo Study on Rats.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Three-Dimensionally Printed Vaginal Rings: Perceptions of Women and Gynecologists in a Cross-Sectional Survey.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Refining the in vitro release test method for a dapivirine-releasing vaginal ring to match in vivo performance.Drug delivery and translational research · 2023Article
- Nanoemulsion Loaded with Clotrimazole Based on Rapeseed Oil for Potential Vaginal Application-Development, Initial Assessment, and Pilot Release Studies.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Progress of polymer-based strategies in fungal disease management: Designed for different roles.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Article
- Recent Advances in the Excipients Used in Modified Release Vaginal Formulations.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Manufacturing and Examination of Vaginal Drug Delivery System by FDM 3D Printing.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Multipurpose Prevention Technologies: Oral, Parenteral, and Vaginal Dosage Forms for Prevention of HIV/STIs and Unplanned Pregnancy.Polymers · 2021Review
- In Vitro-In Vivo Correlation (IVIVC) Population Modeling for the In Silico Bioequivalence of a Long-Acting Release Formulation of Progesterone.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- A Bilayer Vaginal Tablet for the Localized Delivery of Disulfiram and 5-Fluorouracil to the Cervix.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Mucoadhesive Chitosan Delivery System withJournal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The vagina is a promising site for both local and systemic drug delivery and represents an interesting administration route for compounds with poor oral bioavailability. Whereas most of the currently marketed dosage forms were designed as immediate release formulations, intravaginal rings (IVRs) offer the possibility of a controlled vaginal drug delivery over several weeks or months. For a long time, the development of IVRs was limited to steroid-releasing formulations. Recently, IVRs have witnessed a surge of new interest as promising delivery systems for microbicides. Therefore, various novel IVR designs have been introduced. To ensure that only safe and effective IVRs will be administered to patients, it is important to properly distinguish between IVRs with desired and undesired release performance. In vitro methods for evaluating drug release of IVRs that present with sufficient predictive capacity for in vivo drug release, and discriminatory power with regard to IVRs quality, are an essential tool for this purpose. The objective of the present review article is to present the current status of in vitro drug release testing of IVRs and to critically discuss current compendial and non-official in vitro drug release methods with regard to their discriminatory power and in vivo predictivity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.