Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31622458›Full record

SynthesisThe American journal of clinical nutrition2020

Serum magnesium and the incidence of coronary artery disease over a median 27 years of follow-up in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study and a meta-analysis.

Mary R Rooney, Alvaro Alonso, Aaron R Folsom, Erin D Michos, Casey M Rebholz, Jeffrey R Misialek, Lin Yee Chen, Samuel Dudley, Pamela L Lutsey

Open access · greenAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. The Acute Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Endothelial Function: A Randomized Cross-Over Pilot Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Mary R RooneyDivision of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Alvaro AlonsoDepartment of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Aaron R FolsomDivision of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Erin D MichosDepartment of Epidemiology and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Casey M RebholzDepartment of Epidemiology and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Jeffrey R MisialekDivision of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Lin Yee ChenDivision of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Samuel DudleyDivision of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Pamela L LutseyDivision of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
University of Minnesota · USJohns Hopkins University · USEmory University · US

Funding

Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology &Prevention TrngT32HL007779 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI PAMELA L. Lutsey, JAMES S PANKOW · 1994 to 2026
$9.3M
Metabolomics for Identifying Biomarkers of Dietary Intake & Kidney Disease ProgressionK01DK107782 · NIDDK · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI REBHOLZ, CASEY MARIE · 2016 to 2020
$778k
Mentoring in patient-oriented atrial fibrillation and cardiovascular researchK24HL148521 · NHLBI · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI ALONSO, ALVARO · 2019 to 2023
$593k
Dietary Biomarkers and Cardioprotective Mechanisms of the DASH-Sodium Diet.R21HL143089 · NHLBI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI REBHOLZ, CASEY MARIE · 2018 to 2019
$258k
NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201700001INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201700002INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201700003INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201700004CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201700004INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201700005INHLBI NIH HHS K24 HL148521NHLBI NIH HHS R21 HL143089NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007779NIDDK NIH HHS K01 DK107782
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLow serum magnesium (Mg) concentrations have been associated with higher coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. A previous Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study article that evaluated the Mg-CAD association, based on 319 events occurring over 4-7 y, identified a sex-interaction whereby the inverse Mg-CAD association was much stronger among women than men. More than 1700 additional ARIC CAD events have since accrued.

objectiveWe aimed to test our hypothesis that serum Mg is inversely and independently associated with long-term CAD risk in ARIC and in a meta-analysis with other prospective studies.

methodsA total of 14,446 ARIC study participants (baseline mean ± SD age: 54 ± 6 y, 57% women, 27% African American) were followed for incident CAD through 2017. CAD events were defined by myocardial infarction or CAD mortality. Serum Mg was modeled as quintiles based on mean visit 1 (1987-1989) and visit 2 (1990-1992) concentrations. Cox regression models were used. We also conducted a random-effects meta-analysis incorporating these contemporary ARIC findings.

resultsOver a median follow-up of 27 y, 2131 incident CAD cases accrued. Overall, low serum Mg was associated with higher CAD risk after adjustment for demographics, lifestyle factors, and other CAD risk factors than was higher serum Mg (HR Q1 compared with Q5: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.47; P-linear trend <0.001). The association was stronger among women (HR Q1 compared with Q5: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.22, 1.92) than men (HR: 1.11; 95% CI: 0.92, 1.34) (P-interaction = 0.05). In the meta-analysis including 5 studies, the pooled RR (95% CI) for CAD in the lowest compared with the highest circulating Mg category was 1.18 (1.06, 1.31) (I2 = 22%, P-heterogeneity = 0.27).

conclusionsIn this large community-based cohort and updated meta-analysis, low circulating Mg was associated with higher CAD risk than was higher Mg. Whether increasing Mg concentrations within healthy limits is a useful strategy for CAD prevention remains to be seen.

Indexed as

AtherosclerosisCoronary Artery DiseaseFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMagnesiumMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesResidence CharacteristicsRisk FactorsMagnesiumcirculating magnesiumcohort studycoronary artery diseasemeta-analysisobservational prospective studies

Identifiers

PMID31622458
PMCPMC7307183
OpenAlexW2980766345

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.