ArticleThe International journal of health planning and management2020
Patient costs of diabetes mellitus care in public health care facilities in Kenya.
Article in The International journal of health planning and management, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cost-Effectiveness of an Enhanced Patient Care Intervention for Improving Viral Suppression Among Kenyan Adults Living With HIV.Value in health regional issues · 2025Trial
- Article
- Catastrophic health expenditure, social protection coverage, and financial coping strategies in adults with symptoms of chronic respiratory diseases in Kenya: a cross-sectional study.The Lancet. Global health · 2025Article
- Cost-of-illness study among patients with diabetes mellitus and coping mechanisms in Northern Ghana.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Access to hypertension services and health-seeking experiences in rural Coastal Kenya: A qualitative study.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Examining national health insurance fund members' preferences and trade-offs for the attributes of contracted outpatient facilities in Kenya: A discrete choice experiment.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- A cross-sectional study on socio-demographic correlates of self-reported self-care practices for hypertension and type 2 diabetes among adults living in rural Kenya.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Haemoglobin types and variant interference with HbA1c and its association with uncontrolled HbA1c in type 2 diabetes mellitus.BMC research notes · 2024Article
- The economic burden of type 2 diabetes on the public healthcare system in Kenya: a cost of illness study.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Examining inequalities in spatial access to national health insurance fund contracted facilities in Kenya.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- Costs incurred by people with co-morbid tuberculosis and diabetes and their households in the Philippines.PloS one · 2024Article
- Scooping Review of Diabetes Research in Kenya from 2000 to 2020.The East African health research journal · 2024Review
- Are outpatient costs for hypertension and diabetes care affordable? Evidence from Western Kenya.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2023Article
- The health and economic impact and cost effectiveness of interventions for the prevention and control of overweight and obesity in Kenya: a stakeholder engaged modelling study.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2023Article
- Assessing the choice of National Health Insurance Fund contracted outpatient facilities in Kenya: A qualitative study.The International journal of health planning and management · 2023Article
- Evaluating the effectiveness of the National Health Insurance Fund in providing financial protection to households with hypertension and diabetes patients in Kenya.International journal for equity in health · 2023Article
- Effect of using mobile phone communication on dietary management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients in Kenya.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2023Article
- Article
- Rethinking the syndemic of tuberculosis and dysglycaemia: a Kenyan perspective on dysglycaemia as a neglected risk factor for tuberculosis.Bulletin of the National Research Centre · 2023Review
- Examining the Utilization of Social Capital by Ghanaians When Seeking Care for Chronic Diseases: A Personal Network Survey.International journal of public health · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the direct and indirect costs of diabetes mellitus care at five public health facilities in Kenya.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in two counties where diabetes patients aged 18 years and above were interviewed. Data on care-seeking costs were obtained from 163 patients seeking diabetes care at five public facilities using the cost-of-illness approach. Medicines and user charges were classified as direct health care costs while expenses on transport, food, and accommodation were classified as direct non-health care costs. Productivity losses due to diabetes were classified as indirect costs. We computed annual direct and indirect costs borne by these patients.
resultsMore than half (57.7%) of sampled patients had hypertension comorbidity. Overall, the mean annual direct patient cost was KES 53 907 (95% CI, 43 625.4-64 188.6) (US$ 528.5 [95% CI, 427.7-629.3]). Medicines accounted for 52.4%, transport 22.6%, user charges 17.5%, and food 7.5% of total direct costs. Overall mean annual indirect cost was KES 23 174 (95% CI, 20 910-25 438.8) (US$ 227.2 [95% CI, 205-249.4]). Patients reporting hypertension comorbidity incurred higher costs compared with diabetes-only patients. The incidence of catastrophic costs was 63.1% (95% CI, 55.7-70.7) and increased to 75.4% (95% CI, 68.3-82.1) when transport costs were included.
conclusionThere are substantial direct and indirect costs borne by diabetic patients in seeking care from public facilities in Kenya. High incidence of catastrophic costs suggests diabetes services are unaffordable to majority of diabetic patients and illustrate the urgent need to improve financial risk protection to ensure access to care.
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