Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31620386›Full record

ArticleJournal of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry

Prevalence and Severity of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization, Maternal Education, and Dental Caries: A Cross-Sectional Study of Mexican Schoolchildren with Low Socioeconomic Status.

Teresa Villanueva-Gutiérrez, Maria Esther Irigoyen-Camacho, Antonio Castaño-Seiquier, Marco Antonio Zepeda-Zepeda, Leonor Sanchez-Pérez, Nelly Molina Frechero

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  8. Prevalence, defect characteristics and risk factors associated with molar incisor hypomineralisation in Mexican schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Teresa Villanueva-GutiérrezHealth Care Department, Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico.
Maria Esther Irigoyen-CamachoHealth Care Department, Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico.
Antonio Castaño-SeiquierDepartment of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
Marco Antonio Zepeda-ZepedaHealth Care Department, Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico.
Leonor Sanchez-PérezHealth Care Department, Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico.
Nelly Molina FrecheroHealth Care Department, Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe aims of this study were to identify the prevalence of molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in a group of low-income schoolchildren and to evaluate the role of maternal education on MIH and dental caries in these children. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis cross-sectional study enrolled 686 schoolchildren. To evaluate dental caries, the International Caries Dental Assessment System II (ICDAS) criteria were utilized. MIH was assessed by using the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry criteria. Mixed-effects models were applied for the data analysis.

resultsThe prevalence of MIH was 35.4% (244). Most children exhibited moderate MIH (163, 67.1%), followed by mild MIH (45, 18.5%) and severe MIH (35, 14.4%). Caries presence in the first permanent molars, evaluated using ICDAS score, indicated that the mean number of noncavitated and cavitated lesions (ICDAS ≥2) was 0.90 (±0.30); the mean number of lesions with ICDAS ≥3 was 0.36 (±0.48). Odds ratio (OR) analysis of MIH severity revealed that the children of mothers with low education were more likely to exhibit MIH (OR 2.13; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25-3.85). Modeling of dental caries (ICDAS ≥3) revealed that low maternal education (OR 2.27; 95% CI: 1.25-4.16) and the presence of MIH (OR 4.37; 95% CI: 3.05-6.25) were associated with dental caries.

conclusionsThere were associations between low maternal education and both MIH and dental caries. The presence of both initial and cavitated caries lesions was associated with MIH. Dentists should offer adequate advice to mothers with children with MIH, based on their educational background.

Indexed as

dental cariesmaternal educationmolar–incisor hypomineralizationoral hygiene

Identifiers

PMID31620386
PMCPMC6792310

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.