ArticleFrontiers in cellular neuroscience2019
Rod Bipolar Cells Require Horizontal Cells for Invagination Into the Terminals of Rod Photoreceptors.
Article in Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early Retinal UCHL1 Dysregulation Coupled With Synaptic Loss Reflects Alzheimer's Disease Severity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Voltage-gated sodium channels in the nervous system: Molecular physiology to therapeutic interventions.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Plasma membrane invaginations and their diverse cellular functions.BMC biology · 2026Review
- Current Advances and Applications of Retinal Organoids.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Review
- Graft-derived horizontal cells contribute to host-graft synapses in degenerated retinas after retinal organoid transplantation.Stem cell reports · 2025Article
- Morphology and connectivity of retinal horizontal cells in two avian species.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Host-Graft Synapses Form Functional Microstructures and Shape the Host Light Responses After Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Sheet Transplantation.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Retinal Synapse Development.Annual review of vision science · 2024Review
- Retinal Alterations Predict Early Prodromal Signs of Neurodegenerative Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- Pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal organoid/cells for retinal regeneration therapies: A review.Regenerative therapy · 2023Review
- Development and maintenance of vision's first synapse.Developmental biology · 2021Review
- Helical Fasciculation of Bipolar and Horizontal Cell Neurites for Wiring With Photoreceptors in Macaque and Mouse Retinas.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
- Synaptic Remodeling in the Cone Pathway After Early Postnatal Horizontal Cell Ablation.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Article
- Neurofascin Is a Novel Component of Rod Photoreceptor Synapses in the Outer Retina.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the central nervous system, neuronal processing relies on the precisely orchestrated formation of synapses during development. The first synapse of the visual system is a triad synapse, comprising photoreceptors, horizontal cells and bipolar cells. During the second postnatal week, the axon terminal processes of horizontal cells invaginate rod spherules, followed by rod bipolar cell dendrites. Both elements finally oppose the synaptic ribbon (the release site of glutamate). However, it has not been fully elucidated whether horizontal cells are essential for rod bipolar cell dendrites to find their way into the rod terminal. In the present study, we investigated this question by specifically ablating horizontal cells from the early postnatal mouse retina. We monitored the formation of the rod-to-rod bipolar cell synapse during retinal maturation until postnatal day 21. Based on quantitative electron microscopy, we found that without horizontal cells, the dendrites of rod bipolar cells never entered rod terminals. Furthermore, rods displayed significantly fewer and shorter presynaptic ribbons, suggesting that glutamate release is decreased, which coincided with significantly reduced expression of postsynaptic proteins (mGluR6, GPR179) in rod bipolar cells. Collectively, our findings uncover that horizontal cells are indeed necessary guideposts for rod bipolar cells. Whether horizontal cells release diffusible guidance cues or provide structural guidance by expressing specific cell adhesion molecules remains to be seen.
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