Observational studyHIV medicine2020
Compromised CD4:CD8 ratio recovery in people living with HIV aged over 50 years: an observational study.
Observational study in HIV medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-term immune recovery under continuous antiretroviral therapy (ART) among ART-naive people living with HIV in two cohorts in Germany.Infection · 2026Article
- Changes in the immune index before and after surgery in urinary malignancy patients with AIDS.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Decoupled dynamics of absolute and relative lymphocyte counts and age-polarized CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Incomplete recovery of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio is associated with the late introduction of antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV infection.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2024Article
- Aging, trends in CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio, and clinical outcomes with persistent HIV suppression in a dynamic cohort of ambulatory HIV patients.AIDS (London, England) · 2022Article
- Comparison of blood and lymph node cells after intramuscular injection with HIV envelope immunogens.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- CD4/CD8 ratio in pregnant women with HIV and its association with pregnancy outcome: data from a national study in Italy.Infection · 2021Article
- Peripheral T cell lymphopenia in COVID-19: potential mechanisms and impact.Immunotherapy advances · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesPersistent CD4:CD8 ratio inversion (< 1) is associated with mortality in older people. We investigated the interaction of the effects of baseline CD8 count and age at HIV diagnosis on CD4:CD8 ratio recovery with antiretroviral therapy (ART).
methodsAn observational study (1 January 2007 to 31 December 2016) was carried out using routinely collected data from the HIV outpatient services at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK. CD4 and CD8 counts, prior to and during ART, treatment during primary HIV infection (PHI) and HIV-1 viral load were included in univariate and multivariate analyses using Cox proportional hazard regression.
resultsData were included for 876 patients starting ART, where HIV suppression was achieved. Of these patients, 741 of 876 (84.6%) were male and 507 of 876 (57.9%) were Caucasian. The median time on ART was 38 [interquartile range (IQR) 17-66] months. CD8 count change on ART was bidirectional; low CD8 counts (≤ 600 cells/μL) increased and high CD8 counts (> 900 cells/μL) decreased. The median pre-ART CD4:CD8 ratio was 0.41 (IQR 0.24-0.63), and recovery (≥ 1) occurred in 274 of 876 patients (31.3%). Pre- and post-ART CD4:CD8 ratios were lower in those aged > 50 years compared with young adults aged 18-30 years (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively). After adjustment, younger age at HIV diagnosis (P < 0.001) and treatment during PHI (P < 0.001) were favourable for CD4:CD8 ratio normalization.
conclusionsOlder age (> 50 years) at HIV diagnosis was associated with persistent CD4:CD8 ratio inversion, whereas treatment of PHI was protective. These findings confirm the need for testing and early treatment of people aged > 50 years, and could be used in a risk management algorithm for enhanced surveillance.
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