ReviewWorld journal of pediatrics : WJP2020
Prenatal risk factors for internalizing and externalizing problems in childhood.
Review in World journal of pediatrics : WJP, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sleep duration and problem behaviour in 8-year-old children in the Childhood Obesity Project.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2022Trial
- Linking maternal childhood maltreatment to health-related and psychosocial risk factors during pregnancy: intergenerational implications for early child development.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Predicting 7-year-olds mental health in the perinatal period: Development and internal validation of a multivariable model using the prospective ALSPAC cohort.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Time-dependent association between prenatal hair glucocorticoid levels and child behavior problems.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- Early childhood and early adolescent predictors of internalising symptoms in adolescents: findings from a longitudinal study in a high-risk South African environment.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
- Prenatal smoking and child psychopathology associations by age and sex in the ECHO cohort.Development and psychopathology · 2026Article
- Maternal adverse childhood experiences and prenatal stress: Intergenerational transmission and offspring mental health in the ECHO Cohort.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Early environmental risks and the developmental dynamics of internalizing and externalizing problems from birth to adolescence.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Violence Against Women, Mother-Infant Bond and Child Behaviour: An Exploratory Path Analysis at IVAPSA Cohort.Child: care, health and development · 2026Article
- Predicting 5-year-olds mental health at birth: development and internal validation of a multivariable model using the prospective ELFE birth cohort.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Perinatal insult dimensions and developmental trajectories of psychotic-like experiences.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Internalizing and Externalizing Traits During Adolescence: Using Epigenetics and Perinatal Risks to Differentiate Clusters of Symptoms.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Telomere Length and Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Children from the Prospective Birth Cohort INfancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Electrophysiological correlates of inhibitory control in children: Relations with prenatal maternal risk factors and child psychopathology.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
- Article
- Effects of gestational weight gain on emotional and behavioral problems in children: Results from the CLaB study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Cumulative ecological risk and academic adjustment in freshmen: mediation by problematic mobile phone use and moderation by self-control.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Article
- Prenatal Tobacco Exposure and Behavioral Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pediatric reports · 2024Review
- Right frontal cingulate cortex mediates the effect of prenatal complications on youth internalizing behaviors.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA growing body of research has documented the effects of prenatal risk factors on a wide spectrum of adverse offspring health outcomes. Childhood behavior problems, such as externalizing and internalizing problems, are no exception. This comprehensive literature review aims to summarize and synthesize current research about commonly experienced prenatal risk factors associated with internalizing and externalizing problems, with a focus on their impact during childhood and adolescence. Potential mechanisms as well as implications are also outlined. DATA SOURCES: The EBSCO, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases were searched for studies examining the association between prenatal risk factors and offspring internalizing/externalizing problems, using keywords "prenatal" or "perinatal" or "birth complications" in combination with "internalizing" or "externalizing". Relevant articles, including experimental research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort studies, and theoretical literature, were reviewed and synthesized to form the basis of this integrative review.
resultsPrenatal risk factors that have been widely investigated with regards to offspring internalizing and externalizing problems encompass health-related risk factors, including maternal overweight/obesity, substance use/abuse, environmental toxicant exposure, maternal infection/inflammation, as well as psychosocial risk factors, including intimate partner violence, and anxiety/depression. Collectively, both epidemiological and experimental studies support the adverse associations between these prenatal factors and increased risk of emotional/behavioral problem development during childhood and beyond. Potential mechanisms of action underlying these associations include hormonal and immune system alterations. Implications include prenatal education, screening, and intervention strategies.
conclusionsPrenatal risk factors are associated with a constellation of offspring internalizing and externalizing problems. Identifying these risk factors and understanding potential mechanisms will help to develop effective, evidence-based prevention, and intervention strategies.
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