ArticleAnnals of biomedical engineering2020
Delivery Strategies for Skin: Comparison of Nanoliter Jets, Needles and Topical Solutions.
Article in Annals of biomedical engineering, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical evaluation of photochromic nanoparticle tattoo ink: safety, tolerability, and performance of rewritable intradermal implants.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Penetration of laser-induced jets into soft elastic substrates: simplified model and experiments.Biomedical optics express · 2025Article
- 3D printed needleless injector based on thermocavitation: analysis of impact and penetration depth in skin phantoms in a repetitive regime.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Needle-Free Microjet Injection Versus Needle Injection of Botulinum Toxin for the Treatment of Crow's Feet: A Randomized Split-Face Pilot Study.Annals of dermatology · 2024Article
- Unified framework for laser-induced transient bubble dynamics within microchannels.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Bubble dynamics and speed of jets for needle-free injections produced by thermocavitation.Journal of biomedical optics · 2023Article
- Article
- Understanding droplet jetting on varying substrate for biological applications.International journal of bioprinting · 2023Review
- Lymphatic Alterations Under Tattoos: Preliminary Reports of One Observational Study.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2023Article
- Bullet jet as a tool for soft matter piercing and needle-free liquid injection.Biomedical optics express · 2022Article
- Assessment of cytotoxicity and sensitization potential of intradermally injected tattoo inks in reconstructed human skin.Contact dermatitis · 2021Article
- Formulation-based approaches for dermal delivery of vaccines and therapeutic nucleic acids: Recent advances and future perspectives.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2021Review
- Impact of a microfluidic jet on a pendant droplet.Soft matter · 2021Article
- Dynamic mechanical interaction between injection liquid and human tissue simulant induced by needle-free injection of a highly focused microjet.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- A Perspective on Imiquimod Microneedles for Treating Warts.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Challenges and opportunities for small volumes delivery into the skin.Biomicrofluidics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Drug diffusion within the skin with a needle-free micro-jet injection (NFI) device was compared with two well-established delivery methods: topical application and solid needle injection. A permanent make-up (PMU) machine, normally used for dermal pigmentation, was utilized as a solid needle injection method. For NFIs a continuous wave (CW) laser diode was used to create a bubble inside a microfluidic device containing a light absorbing solution. Each method delivered two different solutions into ex vivo porcine skin. The first solution consisted of a red dye (direct red 81) and rhodamine B in water. The second solution was direct red 81 and rhodamine B in water and glycerol. We measured the diffusion depth, width and surface area of the solutions in all the injected skin samples. The NFI has a higher vertical dispersion velocity of 3 × 10
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.