ArticleSleep2020
The circadian system modulates the rate of recovery of systolic blood pressure after exercise in humans.
Article in Sleep, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Best Time of Day for Strength and Endurance Training to Improve Health and Performance? A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.Sports medicine - open · 2023Pooled it
- Daytime eating during simulated night work mitigates changes in cardiovascular risk factors: secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Association of Timing of Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity With Changes in Glycemic Control Over 4 Years in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes From the Look AHEAD Trial.Diabetes care · 2023Trial
- Nocturnal peak in cardiac baroreflex effectiveness aligns with nocturnal trough in systolic blood pressure in young healthy adults: Possible circadian effects.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Unlocking the potential of circadian biology for cardiovascular health.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- Circadian mechanisms underlying post-exercise blood pressure responses in healthy adults.Sleep · 2026Article
- Decoding endurance performance: integrative genomic and epigenetic insights into the molecular basis of athletic adaptation.Frontiers in systems biology · 2026Review
- Methods for Assessment of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms in Cardiovascular Research.Current hypertension reports · 2025Review
- Hypertension: Causes and Consequences of Circadian Rhythms in Blood Pressure.Circulation research · 2024Review
- Circadian Regulation of Cardiac Arrhythmias and Electrophysiology.Circulation research · 2024Review
- Sensor-Based Assessment of Time-of-Day-Dependent Physiological Responses and Physical Performances during a Walking Football Match in Higher-Weight Men.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Associations of timing of physical activity with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a prospective cohort study.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Desynchronizing the sleep---wake cycle from circadian timing to assess their separate contributions to physiology and behaviour and to estimate intrinsic circadian period.Nature protocols · 2023Review
- Rapid changes in overnight blood pressure after transitioning to early-morning shiftwork.Sleep · 2022Article
- Understanding Circadian Mechanisms of Sudden Cardiac Death: A Report From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop, Part 2: Population and Clinical Considerations.Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology · 2021Review
- A SAS macro for modelling periodic data using cosinor analysis.Computer methods and programs in biomedicine · 2021Article
- Circadian control of human cardiovascular function.Current opinion in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Association of Objectively Measured Timing of Physical Activity Bouts With Cardiovascular Health in Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2021Article
- Article
- A review of the impact of circadian rhythm on motor function in stroke recovery patients.Frontiers in neurologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesRecovery rates of systolic blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) after exercise have been used to assess cardiovascular fitness, and slower recovery rates are predictors of coronary heart disease and cardiac mortality. The endogenous circadian system is known to modulate BP and HR at rest and during exercise. Here, we examined whether the post-exercise recovery rates of BP and HR are also under circadian control.
methodsTwelve healthy adults (mean age = 26 ± 6 (SD) years; 6 female) participated in a 240 h forced desynchrony protocol in dim light where all behaviors, including 15 min cycle exercise tests at 60% maximal HR, were uniformly distributed across the circadian cycle. Circadian phases were assigned based on the rhythm of core body temperature. For each session, HR was measured continuously, and BP every 3-5 min throughout baseline, exercise, and recovery. Recovery was quantified as the proportional return to pre-exercise baseline levels following exercise ([peak exercise-recovery]/[peak exercise-baseline) × 100%], whereby 100% represents full recovery to baseline).
resultsThere was a significant circadian rhythm in systolic BP recovery, with fastest recovery at the circadian phase corresponding to late afternoon (equivalent to ~5 pm) and slower recovery across the early morning (~8:30 am; p = 0.029, peak-to-trough: 9.2%). There were no significant circadian variations in post-exercise recovery rates of diastolic BP or HR.
conclusionsThe circadian system modulates the rate of recovery of systolic BP after exercise with fastest recovery in the biological afternoon. These data could have implications for exercise prescription and interpretation of clinical tests of stress recovery.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.