ArticleOpen access emergency medicine : OAEM2019
Shock index in the emergency department: utility and limitations.
Article in Open access emergency medicine : OAEM, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 101 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
101 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 196 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Shock index as predictor of massive transfusion and mortality in patients with trauma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Critical care (London, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Terms, Definitions, Nomenclature, and Routes of Fluid Administration.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2020Pooled it
- Point-of-Care Ultrasound After Medical Screening Exam Reduces Time to Ruptured Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosis and Surgery.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Prediction of Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction Using an Artificial Intelligence-Based Electrocardiogram Analysis Model in Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Hyperspectral imaging for objective microcirculatory assessment in trauma patients.Scientific reports · 2026Observational
- Article
- MAP-Derived Shock Index for Point-of-Care Physiological Risk Stratification After CT-Confirmed Cervical Spine Fracture: Development and Internal Validation of a Prognostic Model for In-Hospital Mortality.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Clinical correlates of early post-PCI left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with STEMI: a single-center retrospective study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Admission shock indices and lactate for mortality risk stratification in non-traumatic hypotensive patients.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- The Effectiveness of Methylene Blue in Adult Shock: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Association Between Inflammatory Cytokines (IL-6 and IL-10) and Trauma Severity: Correlations With Shock Index and ABC Score in Trauma Patients-A Prospective Observational Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Association between shock index and postpartum hemoglobin level and blood transfusion requirement in women delivering at public hospitals in Shiraz, 2023-2024.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Evaluating Ketamine Dosing Practices During Emergency Department Intubation Using Shock Index Stratification.Cureus · 2026Article
- Admission Shock Index Is an Independent Predictor of In-Hospital All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Acute Aortic Dissection and Intramural Hematoma.Clinical cardiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Shape and amplitude decoupling in pulsatile physiological signal synthesis and its evaluation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Role of Central Venous Pressure and Mean Arterial Pressure to Central Venous Pressure Ratio in Assessing Poisoning Severity and Poor Outcomes in Intensive Care Unit-Admitted Acute Aluminum Phosphide-Poisoned Patients.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Article
- Association Between Nursing Diagnoses and Mortality in Patients with Cardiac Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Clinics and practice · 2026Article
- Association between shock‑lactate index and 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis-associated AKI: a MIMIC-IV database analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Observational
41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Shock index (SI) is defined as the heart rate (HR) divided by systolic blood pressure (SBP). It has been studied in patients either at risk of or experiencing shock from a variety of causes: trauma, hemorrhage, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, sepsis, and ruptured ectopic pregnancy. While HR and SBP have traditionally been used to characterize shock in these patients, they often appear normal in the compensatory phase of shock and can be confounded by factors such as medications (eg, antihypertensives, beta-agonists). SI >1.0 has been widely found to predict increased risk of mortality and other markers of morbidity, such as need for massive transfusion protocol activation and admission to intensive care units. Recent research has aimed to study the use of SI in patients immediately on arrival to the emergency department (ED). In this review, we summarize the literature pertaining to use of SI across a variety of settings in the management of ED patients, in order to provide context for use of this measure in the triage and management of critically ill patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.