ArticleMolecular psychiatry2021
A population-based family clustering study of tic-related obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Use of Post-mortem Brain Tissue in Investigations of Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review.Current neuropharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- The genetic epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Subtyping OCD based on individual symptom networks: subtype-specific neural dynamics and morphometric similarity linked to molecular profiles.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- PANDAS Syndrome: A Narrative Review of the Diagnostic Conundrum in Children with Acute Neuropsychiatric Symptoms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Altered Error Monitoring and Decreased Flanker Task Accuracy in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Article
- Black EquaLity in OCD NeuroGenomics (BELONG): Study Protocol.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2026Article
- Earlier age at onset is associated with more severe sensory phenomena in drug-naive, comorbidity-free patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Early developmental milestones associated with tics and psychopathological comorbidity: An EMTICS study.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Observational
- Neuropsychiatric symptoms in siblings of children with Tourette syndrome in the EMTICS study.JCPP advances · 2025Article
- Latin American Trans-ancestry INitiative for OCD genomics (LATINO): Study protocol.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2024Article
- Altered Error Monitoring and Decreased Flanker Task Accuracy in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.Research square · 2024Article
- Clinical characteristics of probands with obsessive-compulsive disorder from simplex and multiplex families.Psychiatry research · 2024Article
- Chemical characterization and metabolic profiling of Xiao-Er-An-Shen Decoction by UPLC-QTOF/MS.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Current understanding of the genetics of tourette syndrome.Biomedical journal · 2022Review
- A prospective clinical cohort-based study of the prevalence of OCD, obsessive compulsive and related disorders, and tics in families of patients with OCD.BMC psychiatry · 2022Article
- Duration of untreated illness of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder in Japan.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2021Article
- A dimensional perspective on the genetics of obsessive-compulsive disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2021Review
- Tourette syndrome research highlights from 2019.F1000Research · 2020Review
- Cutting-edge genetics in obsessive-compulsive disorder.Faculty reviews · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
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Abstract
In the latest edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) included a new "tic-related" specifier. However, strong evidence supporting tic-related OCD as a distinct subtype of OCD is lacking. This study investigated whether, at the population level, tic-related OCD has a stronger familial load than non-tic-related OCD. From a cohort of individuals born in Sweden between 1967 and 2007 (n = 4,085,367; 1257 with tic-related OCD and 20,975 with non-tic-related OCD), we identified all twins, full siblings, maternal and paternal half siblings, and cousins. Sex- and birth year-adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) were calculated to estimate the risk of OCD in relatives of individuals with OCD with and without comorbid tics, compared with relatives of unaffected individuals. We found that OCD is a familial disorder, regardless of comorbid tic disorder status. However, the risk of OCD in relatives of individuals with tic-related OCD was considerably greater than the risk of OCD in relatives of individuals with non-tic-related OCD (e.g., risk for full siblings: aHR = 10.63 [95% CI, 7.92-14.27] and aHR = 4.52 [95% CI, 4.06-5.02], respectively; p value for the difference < 0.0001). These differences remained when the groups were matched by age at first OCD diagnosis and after various sensitivity analyses. The observed familial patterns of OCD in relation to tics were not seen in relation to other neuropsychiatric comorbidities. Tic-related OCD is a particularly familial subtype of OCD. The results have important implications for ongoing gene-searching efforts.
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