ArticleBMC health services research2019
Body mass index and lifetime healthcare utilization.
Article in BMC health services research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cost-effectiveness of a motivational interviewing obesity intervention versus usual care in pediatric primary care offices.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2022Trial
- Obesity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Effects on Inflammation, Immune System, Susceptibility to Viral Infections, and Mortality.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The impact of body mass index on health service utilization among pilgrims: a comprehensive analysis.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2026Article
- Predictors of longitudinal viral load suppression among adults receiving first line antiretroviral therapy in Central Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The impact of sleep quality on body weight among young adults: a cross-sectional study.BMC research notes · 2025Article
- Article
- Global, regional, and national prevalence of adult overweight and obesity, 1990-2021, with forecasts to 2050: a forecasting study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Lancet (London, England) · 2025Article
- The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Obesity Risk Prediction and Management: Approaches, Insights, and Recommendations.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Health Care Resource Use and Costs of Rivaroxaban Versus Warfarin Among Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Polypharmacy Patients With Obesity.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Healthcare utilisation patterns and contributory factors among middle-aged adults: a scoping review.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- Cost of overweight, obesity, and related complications in Switzerland 2021.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Relationship between Life's Essential 8 and metabolic syndrome among older Americans (NHANES, 2007-2010): navigating biological aging and inflammation.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Potential Factors Associated with Healthcare Utilization for Balance Problems in Community-Dwelling Adults within the United States: A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Effects of Turmeric Concentrate on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Healthy Volunteers; an Exploratory Study.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2023Article
- Effectiveness and Safety of Rivaroxaban versus Warfarin Among Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Obesity and Polypharmacy.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2022Article
- Medical manifestations and health care utilization among adult MyCode participants with neurodevelopmental psychiatric copy number variants.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2022Article
- Differences in Health-Related Outcomes and Health Care Resource Utilization in Breast Cancer Survivors With and Without Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of patient-centered research and reviews · 2022Article
- The effects of smoking, regular drinking, and unhealthy weight on health care utilization in China.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Healthcare Resource Utilization and Costs of Rivaroxaban Versus Warfarin Among Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Obesity and Diabetes.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2021Article
- Economic impacts of overweight and obesity: current and future estimates for eight countries.BMJ global health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOverweight and obesity is a major global public health challenge, and understanding the implications for healthcare systems is essential for policy planning. Past studies have typically found positive associations between obesity and healthcare utilization, but these studies have not taken into consideration that obesity is also associated with early mortality. We examined associations between body mass index (BMI, reported as kg/m
methodsWe used nationally representative data on 33 882 adults collected between 2002 and 2015. We computed BMI- and age-specific primary and secondary care utilization and multiplied the estimated values with gender-, age-, and BMI-specific probabilities of surviving to each age. Then, we summed the average BMI-specific utilization between 18 and 85 years.
resultsDuring a survival-adjusted lifetime, males with normal weight (BMI: 18.5-24.9) had, on average, 167 primary care, and 77 secondary care contacts. In comparison, males with overweight (BMI: 25.0-29.9), category I obesity (BMI: 30.0-34.9), and category II/III obesity (BMI ≥35.0) had 11%, 41%, and 102% more primary care, and 14%, 29%, and 78% more secondary care contacts, respectively. Females with normal weight had, on average, 210 primary care contacts and 91 secondary care contacts. Females with overweight, category I obesity, and category II/III obesity had 20%, 34%, and 81% more primary care contacts, and 26%, 16%, and 16% more secondary care contacts, respectively.
conclusionThe positive association between BMI and healthcare utilization was reduced, but not offset, when BMI-specific survival was taken into consideration. Our findings underpin previous research and suggest that interventions to offset the increasing prevalence of overweight, and especially obesity, are warranted.
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