ReviewFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2019
Bioactive Candy: Effects of Licorice on the Cardiovascular System.
Review in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Licorice and Home Blood Pressure: a Randomized Crossover Trial
Licorice and Home Blood Pressure, Additional Study
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy and safety of Chaihu guizhi ganjiang tang for type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of Licorice Functional Components Intakes on Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and NETWORK Toxicology.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal and Edible Plants for Anti-Aging: A Systematic Review of Molecular Mechanisms, Delivery Systems, and Clinical Evidence.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Novel Glycyrrhizinic Acid Derivative YCY-20 Inhibits Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Induced Apoptosis via the AGE-RAGE/MAPK Pathway.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Glycyrrhizin preparations in liver diseases: a narrative review of mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- The modifying effect of 11β-HSD in hypertension of diabetic patients.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- A Data Mining Approach on Polypharmacy and Drug-drug Interactions of Common Diabetes Medications.Current drug metabolism · 2025Review
- Salivary free aldosterone awakening response and cardiovascular risk in men with CHD, hypertension, and healthy controls.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Pseudohyperaldosteronism Due to Licorice: A Practice-Based Learning from a Case Series.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Neuroprotective aftermath ofToxicology reports · 2024Article
- Liquiritigenin Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2024Article
- Safety Aspects of Herb Interactions: Current Understanding and Future Prospects.Current drug metabolism · 2024Review
- Assessment of the potential risk of oteseconazole and two other tetrazole antifungals to inhibit adrenal steroidogenesis and peripheral metabolism of corticosteroids.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Small pouches, but high nicotine doses-nicotine delivery and acute effects after use of tobacco-free nicotine pouches.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- The Power of Licorice (Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Liquorice Toxicity: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Review
- Glycyrrhizic Acid Inhibits High-Mobility Group Box-1 and Homocysteine-Induced Vascular Dysfunction.Nutrients · 2023Article
- High-Mobility Group Box 1-Signaling Inhibition With Glycyrrhizin Prevents Cerebral T-Cell Infiltration After Cardiac Arrest.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Licorice, today chiefly utilized as a flavoring additive in tea, tobacco and candy, is one of the oldest used herbs for medicinal purposes and consists of up to 300 active compounds. The main active constituent of licorice is the prodrug glycyrrhizin, which is successively converted to 3β-monoglucuronyl-18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (3MGA) and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) in the intestines. Despite many reported health benefits, 3MGA and GA inhibit the 11-β-hydrogenase type II enzyme (11β-HSD2) oxidizing cortisol to cortisone. Through activation of mineralocorticoid receptors, high cortisol levels induce a mild form of apparent mineralocorticoid excess in the kidney and increase systemic vascular resistance. Continuous inhibition of 11β-HSD2 related to excess licorice consumption will create a state of hypernatremia, hypokalemia and increased fluid volume, which can cause serious life-threatening complications especially in patients already suffering from cardiovascular diseases. Two recent meta-analyses of 18 and 26 studies investigating the correlation between licorice intake and blood pressure revealed statistically significant increases both in systolic (5.45 mmHg) and in diastolic blood pressure (3.19/1.74 mmHg). This review summarizes and evaluates current literature about the acute and chronic effects of licorice ingestion on the cardiovascular system with special focus on blood pressure. Starting from the molecular actions of licorice (metabolites) inside the cells, it describes how licorice intake is affecting the human body and shows the boundaries between the health benefits of licorice and possible harmful effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.