ArticleVaccines2019
Breast Cancer Cells and PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade Upregulate the Expression of PD-1, CTLA-4, TIM-3 and LAG-3 Immune Checkpoints in CD4
Article in Vaccines, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tumor immune dynamics and long-term clinical outcome of stage IIIA NSCLC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Effect of prior and first-line immunotherapy on baseline immune biomarkers and modulation of the tumor microenvironment in response to nivolumab and relatlimab combination therapy in patients with melanoma from RELATIVITY-020.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Trial
- Fast-Food Component-Induced Epigenetic Modifications Modulate Immunotherapy in Metastatic Breast Cancer.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Cross-species transcriptomic integration reveals a MIRO1-mediated macrophage-T cell axis in glioma.Life science alliance · 2026Article
- Plant extracts and phytochemicals in canine and feline mammary cancer models: current evidence and comparative perspectives.Veterinary research communications · 2026Review
- Overcoming tumour resistance in cancer immunotherapy through predictive and pharmacodynamic biomarkers.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Biopharmaceuticals for Cancer Treatment: An Update.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Humanized avian embryo models replicate an immune tumor environment for rapid immunotherapy studies.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- An updated review on the role of extracellular vesicles in immune system modulation in breast cancer with special emphasis on immune checkpoint regulators.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular toxicity induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors: mechanisms linking immune dysregulation and myocardial fibrosis.American journal of clinical and experimental immunology · 2026Review
- Optimizing immunotherapy-radiotherapy synergy in triple-negative breast cancer: mechanisms, clinical evidence, and therapeutic windows.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The role of NETosis in breast cancer: mechanistic insights and biomarker potential.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Review
- Combination immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: synergies among immune checkpoints, TKIs, and chemotherapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- The AML immune paradox: decoding escape pathways and pioneering checkpoint, vaccine, and combination strategies.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Reprogramming the breast tumor immune microenvironment: cold-to-hot transition for enhanced immunotherapy.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Review
- Resistance mechanisms to immune checkpoint inhibitors: updated insights.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Programmed Death Ligand 1 Modulation by Bacillus Calmette-Guérin and Toll-Like Receptor Agonists in Distinct Breast Cancer Cell Subtypes.International journal of general medicine · 2025Article
- The Trojan Horse Within: Mechanisms of Immune Evasion in Breast Cancer.Cancer heterogeneity and plasticity · 2025Article
- Nutritional intervention alleviates T cell exhaustion and empowers anti-tumor immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.