SynthesisAnnals of neurology2019
Mapping holmes tremor circuit using the human brain connectome.
Synthesis in Annals of neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical and Structural Findings in Patients With Lesion-Induced Dystonia: Descriptive and Quantitative Analysis of Published Cases.Neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Linking Personalized Brain Atrophy to Schizophrenia Network and Treatment Response.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Trial
- Neuroimaging in Tremor.Seminars in neurology · 2026Review
- Neurophysiological Basis of Tremor Disorders: Parkinson's Disease, Essential Tremor, Tremor in Dystonia, and Holmes Tremor.Seminars in neurology · 2026Review
- Transient Acute-onset Holmes-like Tremor After Cortical Stroke.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Article
- The heterogeneity of thalamic tremor: report of two cases.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Using Multinodal Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment of Complex Movement Disorders: Initial Case Series.Operative neurosurgery (Hagerstown, Md.) · 2026Article
- Holmes Tremor with Dystonia after Parietal and Premotor Ischemic Stroke in an Essential Tremor Patient: A Case Report.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Article
- Effective radiofrequency thalamotomy for posttraumatic Holmes tremor: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2026Article
- Holmes Tremor Secondary to a Brainstem Haemorrhage With Partial Symptomatic Improvement Following Levetiracetam Use.Cureus · 2026Article
- Mapping the Neuroanatomy of Dystonia Using Causal Brain Lesions.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Physiological and brain mechanisms contributing to postural tremor in aging with and without alcohol use disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Tremor: Clinical Frameworks, Network Dysfunction and Therapeutics.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Delayed Holm's tremor complicated by contralateral midbrain metastasis: A nigrostriatal subtype.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Holmes tremor following midbrain hemorrhage - An illustrative case.Surgical neurology international · 2025Article
- Lesion-Induced Blepharospasm: Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics.Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Structural and functional connectivity of vestibular graviceptive to sensory and motor circuits.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Multimodal neuroimaging to characterize symptom-specific networks in movement disorders.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2024Review
- Localization of stuttering based on causal brain lesions.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Article
- A neural circuit for spatial orientation derived from brain lesions.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveHolmes tremor is a debilitating movement disorder with limited treatment options. Lesions causing Holmes tremor can occur in multiple different brain locations, leaving the neuroanatomical substrate unclear. Here, we test whether lesion locations that cause Holmes tremor map to a connected brain circuit and whether this circuit might serve as a useful therapeutic target.
methodsCase reports of Holmes tremor caused by focal brain lesions were identified through a systematic literature search. Connectivity between each lesion location and the rest of the brain was computed using resting state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging data from 1,000 healthy volunteers. Commonalities across lesion locations were identified. This Holmes tremor circuit was then compared to neurosurgical treatment targets and clinical efficacy.
resultsWe identified 36 lesions causing Holmes tremor, which were scattered across multiple different brain regions. However, all lesion locations were connected to a common brain circuit with nodes in the red nucleus, thalamus, globus pallidus, and cerebellum. In cases with effective neurosurgical treatment, the treatment target was connected with the lesion location, indicating that a second hit to the same circuit might be beneficial. Commonly used deep brain stimulation targets such as the ventral intermediate nucleus and subthalamic nucleus fell outside our Holmes tremor circuit, whereas the globus pallidus target was close, consistent with published clinical response rates for these targets.
interpretationLesions causing Holmes tremor are part of a single connected brain circuit that may serve as an improved therapeutic target. ANN NEUROL 2019;86:812-820.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.