ArticleTransactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene2019
Unimproved water sources and open defecation are associated with active trachoma in children in internally displaced persons camps in the Darfur States of Sudan.
Article in Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neglected tropical diseases in conflict-related humanitarian emergency settings: a systematic review of the literature.International health · 2026Pooled it
- The burden, clinical outcomes and risk factors related to neglected tropical diseases and malaria in migrant populations in the Middle East and North Africa: a systematic review and meta-analyses.BMJ global health · 2025Pooled it
- Comparison of Methods for Assessing Chlamydia trachomatis Transmission Intensity: A Systematic Review.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2026Article
- Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in a Conflict Area: A Cross-Sectional Study in South Kordofan, Sudan.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025Article
- Serological Responses to Trachoma Antigens prior to the Start of Mass Drug Administration: Results from Population-Based Baseline Surveys, North Darfur, Sudan.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Magnitude of Active Trachoma Among Host and Refugee Children in Gambella Regional State, Ethiopia.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Review
- Trachoma: The Last Decade?Ophthalmic epidemiology · 2023Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of active trachoma among 1-9 years of age children in Andabet district, northwest Ethiopia, 2023: A multi-level mixed-effect analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Status of active trachoma infection among school children who live in villages of open field defecation: a comparative cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Unequal geographic distribution of water and sanitation at the household and school level in Sudan.PloS one · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo estimate the proportion of children with trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) and adults with trachomatous trichiasis (TT) in internally displaced persons (IDP) camps in the Darfur States of Sudan and to evaluate associated risk factors.
methodsIDP camps were identified from government census data. We conducted a subanalysis of data collected in these camps during 2014-2015 as part of surveys covering 37 districts of the Darfur States within the Global Trachoma Mapping Project. A random-effects hierarchical model was used to evaluate factors associated with TF in children or TT in adults.
resultsThirty-six IDP camps were represented in the survey data, in which 1926 children aged 1-9 y were examined, of whom 38 (8%) had TF. Poor sanitation, younger age and living in a household that purchased water from a vendor were associated with TF in children aged 1-9 y. Of 2139 individuals examined aged ≥15 y, 16 (0.7%) had TT. TT was strongly independently associated with being older and living alone.
conclusionTrachoma is found at low levels in these camps, but still at levels where intervention is needed. Disease elimination in conflict-related settings presents a unique challenge for the trachoma community, and may require an innovative approach. Understanding how best to undertake trachoma elimination interventions in these areas should be prioritized.
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