ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2019
The Hyperactivity-Impulsivity-Irritiability-Disinhibition-Aggression-Agitation Domain in Alzheimer's Disease: Current Management and Future Directions.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating neuropathological correlates of hyperactive and psychotic symptoms in dementia: a systematic review.Frontiers in dementia · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Matcha Green Tea Powder on Cognitive Functions of Community-Dwelling Elderly Individuals.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Clinical Associations and Possible Risk Factors for Affective Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Older Adults With and Without Cognitive Impairment.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2026Article
- Somatic Symptom Disorder as a Prodrome of Alzheimer Disease and Successful Treatment of Pain and Agitation With Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Case Report.The journal of ECT · 2026Article
- Article
- Emerging Pharmacological Approaches for Psychosis and Agitation in Alzheimer's Disease.CNS drugs · 2025Review
- Physician and professional caregiver perspectives on meaningful change in agitation behaviors in Alzheimer's dementia: Insights from qualitative interviews.Frontiers in dementia · 2025Article
- Upregulation of Na/H Exchanger in Astrogliosis and Early Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis.Aging and disease · 2024Article
- Article
- Subsyndromes and symptom clusters: Multilevel factor analysis of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia with intensive longitudinal data.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Unique transcriptional signatures correlate with behavioral and psychological symptom domains in Alzheimer's disease.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Agitation in cognitive disorders: Progress in the International Psychogeriatric Association consensus clinical and research definition.International psychogeriatrics · 2024Review
- Modifying reaction time tasks parameters in the automated IntelliCage identifies heightened impulsivity and impaired attention in the 3xTg-AD model of Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- Burden in caregivers of primary care patients with dementia: influence of neuropsychiatric symptoms according to disease stage (NeDEM project).BMC geriatrics · 2023Observational
- Prediction of 3-Year Survival in Patients with Cognitive Impairment Based on Demographics, Neuropsychological Data, and Comorbidities: A Prospective Cohort Study.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Network analysis of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2023Article
- Network Analysis of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Alzheimer's Disease.Research square · 2023Article
- Associations between neuropsychiatric symptoms and incident Alzheimer's dementia in men versus women.Journal of neurology · 2023Article
- Impulsivity and Reactive-Proactive Aggression as Mechanisms of Alcohol-Related Sexual Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration among Romantic Partners.Substance use & misuse · 2023Article
- BPSDiary study protocol: a multi-center randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy of a BPSD diary vs. standard care in reducing caregiver's burden.Frontiers in dementia · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) afflict the vast majority of patients with dementia, especially those with Alzheimer's disease (AD). In clinical settings, patients with BPSD most often do not present with just one symptom. Rather, clusters of symptoms commonly co-occur and can, thus, be grouped into behavioral domains that may ultimately be the result of disruptions in overarching neural circuits. One major BPSD domain routinely identified across patients with AD is the hyperactivity-impulsivity-irritiability-disinhibition-aggression-agitation (HIDA) domain. The HIDA domain represents one of the most difficult sets of symptoms to manage in AD and accounts for much of the burden for caregivers and hospital staff. Although many studies recommend non-pharmacological treatments for HIDA domain symptoms as first-line, they demonstrate little consensus as to what these treatments should be and are often difficult to implement clinically. Certain symptoms within the HIDA domain also do not respond adequately to these treatments, putting patients at risk and necessitating adjunct pharmacological intervention. In this review, we summarize the current literature regarding non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions for the HIDA domain and provide suggestions for improving treatment. As epigenetic changes due to both aging and AD cause dysfunction in drug-targeted receptors, we propose that HIDA domain treatments could be enhanced by adjunct strategies that modify these epigenetic alterations and, thus, increase efficacy and reduce side effects. To improve the implementation of non-pharmacological approaches in clinical settings, we suggest that issues regarding inadequate resources and guidance for implementation should be addressed. Finally, we propose that increased monitoring of symptom and treatment progression
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.