ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2019
Supporting evidence for a human reservoir of invasive non-Typhoidal Salmonella from household samples in Burkina Faso.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and distribution of non-typhoidalEpidemiology and infection · 2023Pooled it
- Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella infections in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review on antimicrobial resistance and treatment.BMC medicine · 2020Pooled it
- A combination typhoid and non-typhoidal Salmonella polysaccharide conjugate vaccine in healthy adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 1 trial.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Preliminary genomic characterisation and antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidalFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Fecal carriage, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella from lactating cows and contact humans at the dairy farm level in Mekelle and Southeast Zones of Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Circulation of Salmonella spp. between humans, animals and the environment in animal-owning households in Malawi.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A phase 1 randomized, placebo-controlled trial of a combination typhoid and non-typhoidalmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Effectiveness of iNTS vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Genomic analysis of Salmonella enterica from cattle, beef and humans in the Greater Tamale Metropolis of Ghana.PloS one · 2025Article
- Natural Inhibitors ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Shedding of nontyphoidalJournal of clinical microbiology · 2024Article
- Characteristics of NontyphoidAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Article
- Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis of Non-TyphoidalAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A genomic appraisal of invasive Salmonella Typhimurium and associated antibiotic resistance in sub-Saharan Africa.Nature communications · 2023Review
- The epidemiology of fecal carriage of nontyphoidal Salmonella among healthy children and adults in three sites in Kenya.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Whole genome sequencing of Salmonella enterica serovars isolated from humans, animals, and the environment in Lagos, Nigeria.BMC microbiology · 2023Article
- Prevalence of Salmonella in Stool During the Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea in Africa (VIDA) Study, 2015-2018.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
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15 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSalmonella Typhimurium and Enteritidis are major causes of bloodstream infection in children in sub-Saharan Africa. This study assessed evidence for their zoonotic versus human reservoir.
methodsIndex patients were children with blood culture confirmed Salmonella infection recruited during a microbiological surveillance study in Nanoro, rural Burkina between May 2013 and August 2014. After consent, their households were visited. Stool from household members and livestock (pooled samples per species) as well as drinking water were cultured for Salmonella. Isolates with identical serotype obtained from index patient and any household sample were defined as "paired isolates" and assessed for genetic relatedness by multilocus variable number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS).
resultsTwenty-nine households were visited for 32/42 (76.2%) eligible index patients: two households comprised two index patients each, and in a third household the index patient had a recurrent infection. Among the 32 index patients, serotypes were Salmonella Typhimurium (n = 26), Salmonella Enteritidis (n = 5) and Salmonella Freetown (n = 1). All Typhimurium isolates were sequence type (ST)313. Median delay between blood culture sampling and household visits was 13 days (range 6-26). Salmonella was obtained from 16/186 (8.6%) livestock samples (13 serotypes) and 18/290 (6.2%) household members (9 serotypes). None of the water samples yielded Salmonella. Paired Salmonella Typhimurium isolates were obtained from three households representing four index patients. MLVA types were identical in two pairs and similar in the third (consisting of two index patients and one household member). WGS showed a strong genetic relatedness with 0 to 2 core genome SNPs difference between pairs on a household level. Livestock samples did not yield any Salmonella Typhimurium or Salmonella Enteritidis, and the latter was exclusively obtained from blood culture. Other serotypes shared by human and/or livestock carriers in the same household were Salmonella Derby, Drac, Tennessee and Muenster. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The current study provides further evidence of a human reservoir for invasive non-Typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) in sub-Saharan Africa.
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