ArticlePsychophysiology2020
Estimating statistical power for event-related potential studies using the late positive potential.
Article in Psychophysiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heartbeat-Evoked Responses in M/EEG: A Systematic Review of Methods With Suggestions for Analysis and Reporting.Psychophysiology · 2026Pooled it
- Social anxiety is associated with greater autonomic and visuocortical generalization of conditioned aversive responses to faces.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Repurposing semaglutide as an adjunctive treatment for cocaine use disorder: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Emotion regulation or dual task? Dissociation of neural and behavioral measures.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Problematic internet users develop enhanced perceptual processing to offset neural deficits in conflict monitoring.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Decoding in the Fourth Dimension: Classification of Temporal Patterns and Their Generalization Across Locations.Human brain mapping · 2025Article
- Beneath the Surface of Self-Reports: Dissecting Subjective and Neural Responses to Age-Specific Visual Stimuli.Psychophysiology · 2025Article
- EEG might be better left alone, but ERPs must be attended to: Optimizing the late positive potential preprocessing pipeline.International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology · 2024Article
- Stimulus-related oscillatory brain activity discriminates hoarding disorder from OCD and healthy controls.Biological psychology · 2024Article
- Article
- Improved data quality and statistical power of trial-level event-related potentials with Bayesian random-shift Gaussian processes.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Different language control mechanisms in comprehension and production: Evidence from paragraph reading.Brain and language · 2024Article
- Spatiotemporal characteristics of the neural representation of event concepts.Brain and language · 2023Article
- Article
- Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Attentional Bias to Methamphetamine Cues and Its Association With EEG-Derived Functional Brain Network Topology.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Effects of emotional study context on immediate and delayed recognition memory: Evidence from event-related potentials.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Satiety does not affect neuroaffective electrophysiological responses to food-related or emotional visual cues.Behavioral neuroscience · 2021Article
- Biomarkers and neuromodulation techniques in substance use disorders.Bioelectronic medicine · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The late positive potential (LPP) is a common measurement used to study emotional processes of subjects in ERP paradigms. Despite its extensive use in affective neuroscience, there is presently no gold standard for how to appropriately power ERP studies using the LPP. The present study investigates how the number of trials, number of subjects, and magnitude of the effect size affect statistical power in analyses of the LPP. Using Monte Carlo simulations of ERP experiments with varying numbers of trials, subjects, and synthetic effects of known magnitude, we measured the probability of obtaining a statistically significant effect in 1,489 experiments repeated 1,000 times each. Predictably, our results showed that statistical power increases with increasing numbers of trials and subjects and at larger effect sizes. We also found that higher levels of statistical power can be achieved with lower numbers of subjects and trials and at lower effect sizes in within-subject than in between-subjects designs. Furthermore, we found that, as subjects are added to an experiment, the slope of the relationship between effect size and statistical power increased and shifted to the left until the power asymptoted to nearly 100% at higher effect sizes. This suggests that adding more subjects greatly increases statistical power at lower effect sizes (<1 µV) compared with more robust (>1.5 µV) effect sizes. We confirmed the results from the simulations based on the synthetic effects by running a new series of simulated experiments based on real data collected while participants looked at emotional images.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.