ReviewTemperature (Austin, Tex.)2019
Physiology of sweat gland function: The roles of sweating and sweat composition in human health.
Review in Temperature (Austin, Tex.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 252 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Alternative Haemodiafiltration in Summer Season for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Effects of Aerobic Thai Dance on Gait, Balance and Sudomotor Function in Patient With Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Who cites it
252 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 671 citations in OpenAlex.
- Wearable Sweat Biosensors for Inflammatory Biomarkers (CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α): A Systematic Review of Analytical and Clinical Evidence.Biosensors · 2026Pooled it
- Leveraging human-robot interaction and virtual reality for digital biomarkers in diagnostics and rehabilitation: a review from the Age-It Research Program.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Water-resistant sunscreen use may increase core body temperature during prolonged exercise in the heat.Journal of science and medicine in sport · 2026Trial
- Caffeine ingestion compromises thermoregulation and does not improve cycling time to exhaustion in the heat amongst males.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Trial
- No effect of tattoos on local sweat concentrations of select cytokines, cortisol, glucose, blood urea nitrogen, or lactate during exercise.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Effects of Heat Acclimation Following Heat Acclimatization on Whole Body Heat Exchange in Trained Endurance Athletes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- A Geometrically Transient Platform for Bioelectronic Implants.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Peripheral autonomic dysfunction and vascular mechanics in non-diabetic hypertensive patients: a pilot study using electrochemical skin conductance.Journal of human hypertension · 2026Article
- Thermophysiological and perceptual responses to exercise heat stress in people with cystic fibrosis on Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Article
- AI-Ready Multimodal Wearable Biosensors Beyond Glucose: Biofluid Sampling, Sensor Fusion, and Clinical Translation.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Applications of Wearable Sweat Biosensors in Sports Activities with Real-World Cases.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Exploring Cerumen as an Alternative Matrix for Drug Detection and Quantification: Method Development and Application in Clinical Samples.Drug testing and analysis · 2026Article
- Advances and Challenges in Wearable Sensors for Health Monitoring.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Review
- Portable Sensing Systems in Biological and Chemical Analyses: A Review of Sensor Technologies, Miniaturized Platforms, Data Processing, and Field Applications.Micromachines · 2026Review
- Skin metatranscriptomics reveals a landscape of variation in microbial activity and gene expression across the human body.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Sweat components as a promising monitoring tool for systemic diseases.The journal of physiological sciences : JPS · 2026Review
- Sweat glands in action: the role of biological and environmental factors, exercise, and dermatologic conditions in sudomotor function.The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology : official journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology · 2026Review
- Sweat as a diagnostic biofluid: analytical advances and future directions.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026Review
- Don't Sweat It: Cannabinoid CB1 Receptors Reduce Sweating in a Mouse Model.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
192 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of this comprehensive review is to: 1) review the physiology of sweat gland function and mechanisms determining the amount and composition of sweat excreted onto the skin surface; 2) provide an overview of the well-established thermoregulatory functions and adaptive responses of the sweat gland; and 3) discuss the state of evidence for potential non-thermoregulatory roles of sweat in the maintenance and/or perturbation of human health. The role of sweating to eliminate waste products and toxicants seems to be minor compared with other avenues of excretion via the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract; as eccrine glands do not adapt to increase excretion rates either via concentrating sweat or increasing overall sweating rate. Studies suggesting a larger role of sweat glands in clearing waste products or toxicants from the body may be an artifact of methodological issues rather than evidence for selective transport. Furthermore, unlike the renal system, it seems that sweat glands do not conserve water loss or concentrate sweat fluid through vasopressin-mediated water reabsorption. Individuals with high NaCl concentrations in sweat (e.g. cystic fibrosis) have an increased risk of NaCl imbalances during prolonged periods of heavy sweating; however, sweat-induced deficiencies appear to be of minimal risk for trace minerals and vitamins. Additional research is needed to elucidate the potential role of eccrine sweating in skin hydration and microbial defense. Finally, the utility of sweat composition as a biomarker for human physiology is currently limited; as more research is needed to determine potential relations between sweat and blood solute concentrations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.